Ch 10 Test Flashcards
Most fishes are …
carnivores
The hard bony flap covering and protecting the gills is called the _________.
operculum
Myoglobin is found in the:
muscles
True or False
The rete mirabile is responsible for carry warm blood outwards towards the muscles.
False
Epipelagic animals are usually countershaded, meaning that:
they are silvery/white on the bottom and grey on the top
Sharks and bony fish have a sensory system for detecting motion in the water. This system is called the _______ ______ system.
lateral line
What is the function of the lamallae in the gill filaments?
To increase surface area for gas exchange.
Lampreys and hagfish are examples of _____ fish.
jawless
Parrot fish usually feed on
algae growing on coral
The _____ is a balloon-like internal organ found in most fish that is filled with gas.
Swim bladder
Bony fishes scales are derived from
bone
Bony fishes use their kidney and ____________ to remove excess salts.
chloride cells
The spiral valve in sharks helps with
nutrient absorption
Characteristics of hagfish include
a skull but no vertebrae.
What do the two biggest fish have in common?
both are filter feeders
Skates and rays have ________ gills slits.
5
Spiracles are involved in
allowing demersal fishes to take in water when their mouths are buried in sediment
The _____ is the structure that covers and protects the gills in fish.
Operculum
In many sharks, extra buoyancy is provided by the:
liver
Ampullae of Lorenzini is found in
cartilaginous fishes
Choose the example(s) of cartilaginous fish.
sharks
rays
skates
Fish absorb oxygen from the water using what type of exchange?
Countercurrent
The skeleton of the jawless fish is made of ______________.
cartilage
True or False
Fishes nostrils are used for both smell and respiration.
False
Fishes with compressed body shapes tend to live in _________________ environments.
dense cover or coral reefs
In fishes, depressed body shape is described as
body depressed dorsal to ventral.
Bony fishes have all the folllowing EXCEPT
claspers
Most fish species have a generally symmetrical __________ caudal fin.
homocercal
In fishes, the colored pigments are found in cells in the skin called
chromatophores
Fish have hearts with:
Two-chambers
Features of cartilaginous fish include __________.
a jaw, paired fins, scales, and a two-chamber heart
True or False
Fish are unable to maintain their body temperatures internally.
True
Why do some biologists not consider the jawless fishes to be vertebrates?
have a partial skull but no backbone making them not true vertebrates
chromatophores
colored pigment in bony fish comes from these cells in the skin
iridophores
Structure colors found as crystals in fish are special chromatophores
warning coloration
color used to advertise that they are poisonous, dangerous, or bad-tasting
cryptic coloration
Blending with the environment to deceive predators or prey
disruptive coloration
presence of colored stripes, bars, or spots to help break up the outline of a fish
countershading
contrasting colors such as white bellies on black fish help them disguise in open water
myomeres
Bands of muscles attached to the backbone for support
rete mirabile
heat that is generated in the muscles is carried by the blood inward and is taken back into the body, reduces heat loss
gill arches
cartilaginous or bony structures that hold the fleshy gill filaments
