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Human Development 2 > Ch 9: Late Adolescence > Flashcards

Ch 9: Late Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

Main things with late adolescence (19-25)

A

brain is still developing (prefrontal cortex) and executive functioning is still developing; they are starting to question more and think more logically

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2
Q

Why is late adolescence called the peak potential years?

A

Best health during these years physically; reaction time and strength

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3
Q

What can be the downside of the late adolescent years?

A

Cognitively they are making critical long term decisions

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4
Q

Late adolescence is a phase of life full of ___

A

transition, decision making and uncertainty

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5
Q

Expectations as a late adolescence

A

assume adult responsibilities; make choices that will have long-term consequences; legally and socially considered adults, they are still developing biologically and cognitively

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6
Q

Physical activity is a predictor of making other healthy lifestyle choices. What are some of those?

A

Eating habits, substance use, sexual behavior, physical activity

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7
Q

Young adults need a minimum of ___ hours of moderate exercise a week

A

2.5

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8
Q

Most common health problems for late adolescents

A

asthma, diabetes, depression, hypertension, ulcers

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9
Q

__ in __ sexually active people will acquire an STD

A

1 in 2

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10
Q

Alcohol consumption among persons aged 12 to 20 contributes to the three leading causes of death among this age group in the U.S.; What are these?

A

Unintentional injury, homicide, suicide

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11
Q

These parts of the brain continue to develop and mature during late adolescents

A

lateral prefrontal lobe, parietal cortices, anterior cingulate cortex

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12
Q

Connections between the prefrontal cortex and the limbic system (emotional control) begin to disappear. What effect would this have on mood and impulsivity?

A

Better impulse control because more control over emotions and not immediately reacting due to being emotional; more rational thinking

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13
Q

T/F: late adolescents tend to not get enough sleep and that can affect decision making

A

T

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14
Q

Cognitive development expands from egocentrism to being ____

A

able to see multiple perspectives

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15
Q

T/F: Individuals start to understand the long-term implications of their decisions and also begin to see them as not so clear cut

A

T

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16
Q

Perry’s Theory of Epistemic Cognition

A

Individuals move from dualistic thinking (right or wrong, black or white) to relativistic thinking (possibility of multiple truths)

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17
Q

What is emotional competence?

A

managing emotions, impulse control

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18
Q

What is social competence?

A

being socially competent with a group and others

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19
Q

Which of Erikson’s stages of development are late adolescents in? What is the crisis?

A

Intimacy vs. isolation; developing deeper emotional connections/relationships

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20
Q

What does success lead to during Erikson’s intimacy vs. isolation stage? What does failure lead to?

A

success: healthy relationships; failure: isolation or unhealthy relationships

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21
Q

How does the earlier stage of identity vs. role confusion influence this stage?

A

If you don’t know yourself how will you be intimate on an emotional level with someone else

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22
Q

What can be the difference in the impact of peers from early to late adolescence?

A

less peer person and having deeper connections

23
Q

What are the assumptions of social clock theory?

A

it is the typical order of events of life

24
Q

What about individuals who don’t fit into the assumptions of the social clock theory?

A

They may feel stressed out or anxious about not fulfilling what they were “suppose to do” or they may not care

25
Q

What is social clock theory?

A

the supposed typical order of events in life

26
Q

Emotional development of late adolescents deals with

A

independent decision-making, without the scaffolding from parents; making choices totally on their own

27
Q

Factors to consider during career development

A

natural/special talents or abilities; special environmental factors (SES, scholastic aptitude, marital-familial status)

28
Q

T/F: success in career development positively impacts emotional development and self-esteem

A

T

29
Q

T/F: In western society drinking is generally seen as a form of recreation and relaxation

A

T

30
Q

T/F: Individuals who begin drinking before age of 14 are a high risk for development of alcohol abuse issues

A

T; the brain is still developing and is affected by substance use

31
Q

T/F: substance use can have a negative effect on the still developing brain of a late adolescent

A

T; negative effects include: less gray matter in the areas related to behavioral inhibition, impulsivity, empathy, impaired executive functioning, higher risk of other addiction disorders

32
Q

T/F: use of nonmusical prescription drug use at colleges and universities is on the rise

A

T; usually affects white, male greek, lower GPA individuals

33
Q

When abusing drugs or alcohol individuals are more likely to engage in ____

A

risky behavior; DUI, promiscuity, unprotected sex, sexual assault, physical injury, death

34
Q

T/F: the rate of heavy drinking episodes increases from high school to college

A

T

35
Q

The act of consuming significant amounts of alcohol in a short span of time before even arriving at the main event

A

pregaming

36
Q

counselors role in preventative intervention

A

identify, prioritize, and work on problems and recovery issues; develop specific skills, coping with cravings; refusal skills; coping with negative effects; improving interpersonal behaviors

37
Q

T/F: having a high academic ethic and high achievement positively correlate with a smooth transition

A

T

38
Q

African American mothers tend to be ___ involved than Caucasian mothers

A

more

39
Q

African American females are ___ likely to be first generation

A

more

40
Q

T/F a positive predictor of academic success the first semester or two of college is a rigorous high school curriculum

A

T; if you went to a high school who pushed you academically you did better; or having honors, advance placement places, dual enrollment

41
Q

The stress of the transition to college can place individuals at risk for

A

mental illness or trigger a relapse

42
Q

research shows that the rate of mental illness and suicide is ___ for individuals who are pursuing higher education that those who are not

A

higher

43
Q

What are the three main categories of risky behaviors

A

(1) self-injurious (violence, suicide, underage drinking, DUI),
(2) substance use (illicit drug use, abuse of prescriptions and OTC drugs),
(3) risky sexual behavior (being sexually active at a young age, unprotected sex, multiple partners, sex while under the influence)

44
Q

contributing factors for risky behavior

A

individual (low self-esteem, negative peer influence, peer rejection, low educational aspirations); familial (high levels of inter-parental conflict, violence, poor communication, lack of support); extra-familial (low see, negative school climate, unsafe neighborhoods)

45
Q

Positive well-being in adolescence is associated with ____ psychological health and ____ risky behaviors in adulthood

A

positive; fewer

46
Q

T/F: impulsivity is associated with disordered eating

A

T

47
Q

____ therapy is the theoretical base most often used when treating adults with eating disorders

A

CBT

48
Q

___ therapy seems most effective for adolescents with eating disorders

A

family therapy

49
Q

outpatient care is ___ successful as inpatient care for those who did not require emergency services

A

AS successful; seems to be less occurrence of relapse with outpatient treatment

50
Q

T/F: risky behavior and poor lifestyle choices in late adolescence often carry on into adulthood and are a factor in leading a less healthy life long-term

A

T; social medial as a way to engage individuals to consider healthy lifestyle choices is shown to increase academic and social development

51
Q

The population of adolescents in the U.S. is becoming _____ racially/ethnically/culturally diverse

A

increasingly

52
Q

__% of adolescents ages 10-19 are Hispanic or members of non-White groups

A

37%; projected to increase in the decades ahead

53
Q

Culture diversity issues with late adolescents

A

period of exploring identity; and with minorities there can be more stress to find the balance between family traditions/cultures and their comfort level with acculturation

Human Development 2 (7 decks)

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