Ch 12: Late Adulthood Flashcards
Which of Erikson’s stages is late adulthood in?
integrity vs. dispair; having satisfaction with life vs regrets
By 2020 16.5% of the population will be 65+; by 2060 it will increase to 20.8%; This demographic change is labeled what?
age wave; fueled by the baby boomer generation (due to increased life expectancy and more possibilities)
Increased life expectancy offers positive opportunities; what challenges does it also bring about?
decline in health; retirement plans; financial burden; increase in mental health; concerns; suicide increases; a need of more resources for older population
The time-dependent series of cumulative, progressive, intrinsic, and harmful changes that begin to manifest themselves at reproductive maturity and eventually end with the end of life
the aging process
One of the challenges in late adulthood is to ___ life on its own terms; adults are ___ as they age.
accept life on its own terms; adults are happier as they age
identifying opportunities that are of greatest importance (adaptation)
selection
allocation of resources in order to achieve higher levels of functioning (adaptation)
optimization
when resources are limited; identifying strategies to minimize negative impact (adaptation)
compensation
life satisfaction is influenced by
external and personal influences (SES, financial adequacy); psychological factors (perceived health status, vitality, sociability); social factors (participation in culturally valued tasks)
counselors and clients need to look at the link between ____ and ______
life goals and life satisfaction
judging life positively and feeling good about one’s life
well-being; includes the presence of positive emotions and moods, the absence of negative emotions, satisfaction with life, fulfillment, and positive functioning
well-being is dependent upon
good health, positive social relationships, and availability and access to basic resources
____, more than other changes commonly associated with aging, can reduce a person’s competence in mastering environment and ultimately quality of life
poor health
the concept of good health implies the interaction and integration of
body, mind and spirit
most common health issues for those in late adulthood
cardio disease; hypertension; arthritis; hearing impairment; cataracts; glaucoma; lower back problems
most common mental health issues in late adulthood
depression; anxiety; dementia; PTSD; bipolar disorder
one of the greatest fears of those in late adulthood is
loss of mental capacity
Describes what many believe are the consequences of old age (technically referred to as dementia)
senility (loss of mental and emotional abilities; helplessness; confusion and disorientation)
humans have the potential to live to ____ years
120-125 years
Longevity depends on
nutritional resources, being free of fatal diseases, avoiding environmental hazards, eliminating extreme risks of poverty and civil unrest
U.S. life expectancy is ____ years
78.61; 77.1 males, 81.9 females (women over the age of 80 are the largest and oldest group within late adulthood
with increase longevity _____ is a major concern
quality of life; 2/3 of older adults do not with to live to 100
with age comes unavoidable deterioration in
physical, motor, and cognitive abilities
the rate of deterioration in older age is influenced by
lifestyle; environment; culture; genetic factors; heredity and other psychosocial issues
things that are contributing to the issue
Iatrogenic effects
aging is a ____ process – biological, psychological, social
multidimensional
describes how people function in the present is generally consistent with how they functioned in the past
continuity of development
describes two patterns of change with aging
interindividual (ways that people differ from one another);
intraindividual (changes individuals experiences over time)
describes age doesn’t always involve decline, there can also be new growth
improving with age: plasticity, training and learning
key points regarding the dynamic interplay of growth and decline in later life
continuity of development; pattern of change with aging; compensation for decline; improving with age: plasticity and training
describes the importance of the ability to compensate for decline
compensation for decline
specific counseling issues in late adulthood
fear of (and actuality of) loss of power; prestige; independence
