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Human Development 2 > Ch 10: Early Adulthood > Flashcards

Ch 10: Early Adulthood Flashcards

1
Q

Five key features that characterize emerging adulthood (early adulthood)

A

identity exploration, love and work; instability; self-focused; feeling in-between; the age of possibilities

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2
Q

identity exploration for early adulthood

A

key changes in identity take place for many individuals; what am i going to do, who will i be with

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3
Q

instability during early adulthood

A

residential changes peak, a time during which there is also instability in love, work and education; transitions

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4
Q

self-focused during early adulthood

A

in the sense that the have little in the way of obligations, duties, or commitments to others. this leaves them with a great deal of autonomy in running their own lives; control

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5
Q

feeling in-between during early adulthood

A

many emerging adults don’t consider themselves adolescents or full-fledged adults

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6
Q

the age of possibilities, a time when individuals have an opportunity to transform their lives in early adulthood

A

optimism about the future; after difficult times growing up, emerging adulthood presents an opportunity to chart a more positive course

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7
Q

A criticism of the concept of emerging adulthood would be..

A

that it applies mainly to privileged adolescents (limited see conditions can limit choices)

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8
Q

Erikson’s stage for early adulthood

A

Intimacy vs. isolation; deeper relationships

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9
Q

Physical development during early adulthood

A

peak years; excellent health, vigor and physical functioning at maximum; nothing seems impossible

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10
Q

Genetically influenced decline in the functions of organs and systems that are universal to all members of our species

A

Senescence

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11
Q

the internal sense of timing of physical and social events

A

age clock

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12
Q

Physical changes in early adulthood are ____ compared to childhood and adolescence

A

very slow; frontal lobes of the brain are fully developed

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13
Q

Mortality rates for early adulthood is typically very ___

A

low; time of good health

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14
Q

Some health issues that early adults face

A

testicular cancer, cervical cancer, hodgkin’s lymphoma, HIV/AIDS in underdeveloped countries

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15
Q

Early adulthood is a time when physical activity may ____

A

decrease; obesity is increasing; time spent at work and responsibilities decrease time spent doing exercise

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16
Q

T/F: Most early adults are cognitively capable of levels of reasoning expected for normal functioning in adult society

A

T; high level of problem solving, more abstract thinking, wide rage of differences in attainment

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17
Q

Schaie & Willis’ Stage Theory of Adult Cognitive Development

A 
Acquisitive Stage
Achieving Stage
Responsible Stage
Executive Stage
Reorganizational Stage
Reintegrative Stage
Legacy Creating Stage
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18
Q

Encompasses all of childhood and adolescence; main developmental task is to acquire information

A

Acquisitive Stage

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19
Q

Intelligence is applied to specific situations involving attainment of long-term goals regarding careers, family, and societal contributions

A

Achieving Stage

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20
Q

Major concerns of middle-aged adults relate to their personal situations, including protecting and nourishing their spouses, families and careers

A

Responsible stage

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21
Q

Period in middle adulthood when people take broader perspective than earlier, including concern about the world

A

Executive Stage

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22
Q

Occurs past adulthood when adults enter retirement and need to reorganize their lives around activities not related to work

A

Reorganizational Stage

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23
Q

Period in late adulthood during which the focus in on tasks that have personal meaning

A

Reintegrative Stage

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24
Q

During the last stage of life when adults enjoy telling their stories and begin distributing their possessions

A

Legacy Creating Stage

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25
Q

theory that defines early adulthood as ages 17-45

A

Gevinson Theory of adult development

26
Q

Novice phase (Levinson) entails 3 transition periods…

A

17-33; early adult transition (17-21), entering the adult world (22-28), and age-30 transition (28-33)

27
Q

early adult transition stage (17-21) (notice phase)

A

working toward autonomy from parents and formulating a dream of what they hope to become in life; this dream guides choices in both occupational and personal spheres

28
Q

entering the adult world (22-28) (notice phase)

A

forging a pathway at work and attaining a special personal relationship

29
Q

age-30 transition (28-33) (novice phase)

A

reviewing dreams, the choices they have made, and problems in their lives; at this point, social and emotional development should be more under the person’s control

30
Q

Gevinson Theory of Adult Development 2 stages

A

Novice Phase: early adult transition, entering the adult world, age-30 transition
Culminating Phase; settling down; midlife transition

31
Q

Levinson’s culminating phase (33-45)

A

settling down (33-40); midlife transition (40-45)

32
Q

social and emotional development during early adulthood

A

launching a career, romance, unemployment

33
Q

Most in early adulthood are in Kohlberg’s ____ stage

A

conventional; believed that many people stop here and don’t move on to post conventional stage

34
Q

moral development in early adulthood

A

conforming to stereotypical behaviors and values of their culture; most acts are done in an effort to belong to a group; respect for rules and laws is valued; authority figures are seldom questioned

35
Q

Kohlberg believed that some individuals moved to _____ stage

A

post conventional; more global thinking and understanding

36
Q

post conventional thinking

A

sometimes triggered by life crises; value dignity for all life; believing all individuals have natural or inalienable rights and liberties that come before societal needs; no set consequences for specific actions; reasons behind the action are considered for each individual person; freedom of the individual should be limited only when they take away/impose on others freedom

37
Q

T/F: Erikson would say that having a firm sense of identity was critical to having successful intimate relationships

A

T; research shows that individuals who do not have satisfactory personal relationships tend to be more isolated, lonely and depressed

38
Q

T/F: life starts to feel more serious as individuals approach age 30

A

T; at this mid-point some individuals see the need for a revision of their life span; this transition can be difficult and lead to depression

39
Q

Most depression diagnoses are made in people from what age group

A

early adults

40
Q

__ in __ women experience depression requiring treatment

A

1 in 4

41
Q

__ in __ men experience depression requiring treatment

A

1 in 10; men may be less likely to seek treatment and more likely to attempt/complete suicide

42
Q

the largest killer of men under age 40

A

suicide

43
Q

How a person experiences his or her embodiment, since we all live embodied lives. Our personal relationship with our bodies

A

body image; a mental representation or map of our body against which we judge our external appearance

44
Q

T/F: body image perception stays with the person for most of the person’s lifespan

A

T

45
Q

Biggest rise in substance use is for ____

A

marijuana

46
Q

Men have ___ rates of substance abuse than woman

A

higher

47
Q

Rate of violence-related deaths in early adulthood are ___

A

high; motor vehicle crashes, suicide, homicide

48
Q

theory that early relationships with parents/caregivers form the foundation for intimate relationships in early adulthood

A

attachment theory; early attachment shapes the brain, influencing self-esteem, expectations of others and ability to attract and maintain successful adult relationships

49
Q

lifestyle options

A

staying single, cohabitation, marriage, family, separation and divorce, same sex-relationships

50
Q

__% decrease in marriage between 1970 and 2010

A

50%

51
Q

__% of people live together before they marry for the first time

A

60%/most

52
Q

T/F: dual-career marriages experience more household stress

A

T; balancing multiple roles successfully can lead to higher self-esteem, feeling of independence, greater sense of fulfillment

53
Q

T/F: married males live longer

A

T

54
Q

only __% of households have children

A

32%; birthrate is 1.89 per woman

55
Q

__% of children live in single-parent homes

A

26%; challenges faced by single parents: financial struggles, lack of free time, balancing work and parental responsibilities

56
Q

worldwide divorce rate is __%; U.S. divorce rate is __%

A

4% worldwide; 8% U.S.

57
Q

T/F: men are more likely to remarry and remarry sooner than woman

A

T

58
Q

T/F: same sex couples tend to be more upbeat in the face of conflicts, use more affection and humor when in a disagreement, demonstrate more fairness and power-sharing

A

T

59
Q

T/F: females tend to be more relational, often confiding their problems and feelings and to have friends with children the same age

A

T

60
Q

T/F: men have friends with common interests and/or have friends from work

A

T

Human Development 2 (7 decks)

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