CH 9 Eating Disorders Flashcards
9.1 DSM-5 Criteria for Anorexia Nervosa
a. Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, leading to a significantly low body weight in context
b. Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, or persistent behavior that interferes with weight gain, even though at a significantly low weight
c. Disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight/shape on self-evaluation, or persistent lack of recognition of the seriousness of current low body weight
9.1 DSM-5 Criteria for Bulimia Nervosa
a. Recurrent episodes of binge eating
1. Eating an abnormally large amount of
food in a discrete period of time
2. Sense of lack of control over eating
during the episode
b. Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, etc.
c. Binge eating and compensatory behaviors occur on average at least 1/week for 3 months
d. Self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape/weight
e. Disturbance does not exclusively occur during episodes of anorexia
9.1 Differentiate between Bulimia and Binge/Purge Anorexia
B - Normal body weight
BPA - Underweight
9.1 What are the two subtypes of Anorexia?
Restricting and Binge/Purge
9.1 Describe body weight for Restricting Anorexia
Markedly low
9.1 Describe body weight for Binge/Purge Anorexia
Markedly low
9.1 Describe body weight for Bulimia
Normal
9.1 Describe body weight for BED
Typically overweight
9.1 DSM-5 Criteria for BED
a. Recurrent episodes of binge eating
b. Episodes are associated with 3+ of the following
1. Eating more rapidly
2. Eating until uncomfortably full
3. Eating large amounts when not
physically hungry
4. Eating alone due to embarrassment of
amount of food
5. Feeling disgusted, depressed, or guilty
after
c. Marked distress regarding binge eating
d. At least 1/week for 3 months
e. Not associated w/ recurrent use of inappropriate compensatory behavior and does NOT occur exclusively during the course of bulimia or anorexia
9.1 The first known account of Anorexia was published in _____ by _____.
1689, Richard Morton
9.1 Who first described the clinical syndrome of anorexia?
Charles Lasegue and William Gull
9.1 Common causes of death in people with anorexia include _______ and _______.
Medical complications, suicide
9.1 In eating disorders, comorbidity is the _______ rather than the _______.
rule, exception
9.1 What disorders are often comorbid with eating disorders?
Depression
OCD with anorexia and bulimia
Substance abuse with binge/purge anorexia and bulimia
Personality disorders
Anxious-avoidant with anorexia & bulimia
Dramatic, emo, erratic with bulimia
9.2 Describe the genetic factor in developing an eating disorder
It runs in families, there is a significantly higher risk for people with relatives who suffer from a particular ED
Candidate gene
A gene thought to affect the risk for a disorder
9.2 What brain area plays an important role in eating?
Hypothalamus
9.2 Ventromedial hypothalamus VMH
Involved in the feelings of starvation and ability to start/stop eating
9.2 Relate 5-HIAA to anorexia
5-HIAA is a major metabolite of serotonin
People with anorexia have low 5-HIAA levels because they eat so little
9.3 What medications are used to treat anorexia?
Antidepressants (low evidence)
Olanzapine
Antipsychotics
9.3 For adolescents with anorexia, _______ is the treatment of choice
family therapy
9.3 The leading treatment for bulimia is _______.
CBT
9.3 IPT
Interpersonal psychotherapy seeks to improve interpersonal functioning
9.4 Obesity
Having a BMI of 30 or above
Associated with many medical problems and increased mortality
9.5 Who is most at risk for obesity
Genetic makeup that makes certain people more likely to gain weight
A cultural environment that promotes overconsumption and a sedentary lifestyle
Minorities (besides asians)
Men, black women
9.6 Current treatments for obesity
Lifestyle modifications and medications for small amounts of weight loss
Bariatric surgery for drastic weight loss
Prevention-focused treatment
9.1 Amenorrhea
Loss of period, no longer a criteria for anorexia
9.1 Biggest difference between anorexia and bulimia
A is low weight
B is average or slightly overweight
9.1 How long do symptoms need to occur for an anorexia or bulimia diagnosis?
3 months
Hypokalemia
Low potassium
Ghrelin
Hormone associated with hunger
Leptin
Hormone associated with satiation
_______ (high/low) ghrelin is associated with obesity
high
_______ (high/low) leptin is associated with obesity
low
