CH 8 Dissociative Disorders Flashcards
List the different types
Dissociative Disorders
- Depersonalization Derealization Disorder
- Dissociative Amnesia
- Dissociative Identity Disorder
DSM-5 Criteria
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
DpDr
Presence of persistent or recurrent experiences of depersonalization, derealization, or both
Depersonalization Experiences of unreality, detatchment, or being an outside observer to oneself (self)
Derealization Experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings (world)
DSM-5 Criteria
Dissociative Amnesia
Inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is incosistent with ordinary forgetting
DSM-5 Criteria
Dissociative Identity Disorder
DID
A. Disruption of ID characterized by 2+ distinct personality states (sometimes described as possesion) Marked discontinuity in sense of slef and sense of agency, accompanied by related alterations
B. Recurrent gaps in recall of everyday events, personal info, and/or traumatic events
When does dissociation become pathological?
When symptoms are perceived as disruptive, invoking loss of needed information, as producing discontinuity of experience”
OR “recurrent, jarring involuntary intrusions into executive functioning & sense of self”
Dissociation involves disruption in normally integrated functions such as [ ].
Consciousness, memory, identity, perception, & motor control
Depersonalization and derealization are also symptoms of disorders such as [ ].
- PTSD
- Panic Attacks/Panic Disorder
True or False
People suffering from dissociative disorders are unaware of their condition.
False
They understand that their symptoms are not normal
Define
Fugue State
Specifier for Dissociative Amnesia (DA with Fuge State)
Individual forgets everything about themself, takes up a knew ID, and basically starts a new life
Walter White moment
When and why does DID typically develop?
- Childhood
- Intense, repeated traumatic event (childhood abuse, sexual assault/rape, etc.)
- Lack of support from parental figures
What is the average number of comorbid disorders for someone with DID?
5
When is DID typically diagnosed?
Between teens and 30s
Define
Host
In DID, the personality that is most often experienced
Define
Alter
In DID, any personalities experienced less often than the host
Which gender is DID most common in?
Women
Trauma Theory
DID often starts as a result of early childhood trauma in order to cope with hopelessness & powerlessness
Compartmentalizing trauma & Escaping into fantasy
Sociocognitive Theory
DID develops when a highly suggestable person learns to adopt/enact multiple personalities due to inadvertent suggestion & reinforcement from clinicians
True or False
Prevalence of dissociative disorders is related to the degree to which they are accepted/tolerated in society
True
Define, list symptoms, and state where the disorder is common
Amok
- Rage disorder
- Dissociative episodes
- Violent, aggressive, homicidal behavior
- Malaysia, Puerto Rico, Papa New Guinea
- Navaho Tribe
True or False
Dissociative disorders are heavily researched.
False
Uncommon, little research done
Treatment
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
- Very treatment resistent
- Associated problems often treated
Treatment
Dissociative Disorders
- Hypnosis
- Treatment for comorbid conditions
- Antidepressants, antianxiety, antipsychotics
Treatment
DID
- Integrate alters
- Frequent resistance from patients
- Psychodynamic and insight-oriented treatment with goal of integration
