CH. 9 Dysphagia

Question 1

A difficulty in swallowing or an inability to swallow is known as

Answer 1

dysphagia

Question 2

Dysphagia affects a person’s ability to [ —- ] and to participate [—-]

Answer 2

eat, social gatherings and events

Question 3

[—–] occurs when food enters the airways

Answer 3

aspiration

Question 4

[—–] and swallowing disorders often occur together.

Answer 4

communication

Question 5

The stage of swallowing during which sensory information helps prepare for eating is called the

Answer 5

the anticipatory stage

Question 6

Activities during the oral stage are under [—] control

Answer 6

voluntary

Question 7

Food after being chewed and mixed with saliva is called a

Answer 7

bolus

Question 8

Mastication is another term for

Answer 8

chewing

Question 9

[—-] determines the amount of oral motor movement and strength that are needed.

Answer 9

size and consistency

Question 10

Another name for the oral stage is the

Answer 10

preparatory and transport phase

Question 11

The oral stage is completed when the bolus passes the

Answer 11

anterior faucial arches and enters the pharyngeal area

Question 12

The two purposes of the pharyngeal stage are to

Answer 12

protect the airway and direct the bolus toward the stomach

Question 13

Structures integral to the swallowing process are controlled by the [—] of the brainstem.

Answer 13

larynx, pharynx and tongue

Question 14

Contraction of smooth muscles to propel food through the digestive tract is called

Answer 14

peristalsis

Question 15

Food is prevented from reentering the pharynx when the

Answer 15

upper esophageal sphincter contracts

Question 16

Swallowing requires both

Answer 16

cognitive and motor skills

Question 17

People who have suffered a CVA may have difficulty during the [—] contracts

Answer 17

oral stage

Question 18

Common oral stage problems following TBI include

Answer 18

reduced tongue control, abnormal reflexes, and difficulty chewing

Question 19

A tube running from the nose to the stomach for feeding purposes is a

Answer 19

nasogastric tube

Question 20

A tube surgically placed directly into the stomach for feeding purposes is a

Answer 20

gastric tube

Question 21

Another name for a noninstrumental clinical examination is a

Answer 21

Bedside Clinical Assessment or Bedside Evaluation

Question 22

During the bedside examination, the SLP watches for:

Answer 22

(1) lip closure and strength, (2) jaw and cheek movement and strength, (3) lingual ability to move the food around the mouth for both preparation and transportation of the bolus to posterior oral cavity, (4) initiation of pharyngeal swallow

Question 23

Two factors involved in a safe swallow are:

Answer 23

(1) when the larynx moves upward and forward (2) while opening the upper esophageal sphincter

Question 24

The bedside exam cannot diagnose problems in the

Answer 24

pharyngeal stage

Question 25

The most commonly used instrumental procedure used to assess the pharyngeal stage of swallowing is the

Answer 25

modified barium swallow (MBS)

Question 26

A treatment plan for dysphagia typically includes 4 important elements

Answer 26

(1) Positioning, (2) Cueing, (3) Bolus modification, (4) swallowing strategies

Question 27

The difference in treating children with swallowing disorders, rather than adults, is that children have not

Answer 27

Developed Normal eating skills

Question 28

The goal of dysphagia assessment and treatment with children is to

Answer 28

aid in the development of skill needed to swallowing safely and stay nourished.

Question 29

The swallowing reflex develops during the last

Answer 29

4-8 weeks of gestation

Question 30

The MBS procedure is used more often in children than is the

Answer 30

adult during instrumental assessment