CH. 12 Acquired Neurogenic Language Disorders

Question 1

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Answer 1

A stroke; interruption of blood supply to an area of the brain

Question 2

embolus

Answer 2

A moving clot from another part of the body that may lodge and interrupt the blood supply

Question 3

thrombosis

Answer 3

Accumulation of material within an artery; when complete, it causes a stroke

Question 4

anoxia

Answer 4

a lack of oxygen

Question 5

infarct

Answer 5

an area of dead tissue resulting from interruption of the blood supply

Question 6

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Answer 6

temporary interruption of the blood flow to an area of the brain, the effects typically resolve within 24 hours

Question 7

hemorrhage

Answer 7

bleeding from a broken artery or vein

Question 8

aneurysm

Answer 8

bulge in the wall of an artery resulting form weakness

Question 9

edema

Answer 9

accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in cells, tissue, or serous cavities; usually results in a swelling of the tissues

Question 10

spontaneous recovery

Answer 10

recovery from a stroke resulting from physiological and reorganizational changes in the brain and not attributable to rehabilitation

Question 11

contusion

Answer 11

injuries caused by a blow from a hard object that do not break the skin but cause hemorrhaging below the skin

Question 12

laceration

Answer 12

torn tissue caused by blunt trauma

Question 13

diffuse axonal injury

Answer 13

damage to nerve cells in the connecting fibers of the brain

Question 14

intracerebral

Answer 14

refers to injuries or structure within the brain

Question 15

meninges

Answer 15

tissue coverings overlying the central nervous system

Question 16

hematoma

Answer 16

encapsulated blood from a broken blood vessel

Question 17

neoplasm

Answer 17

tumor; new growth

Question 18

dementia

Answer 18

deterioration of intellectual abilities such as memory, concentration, reasoning and judgment resulting from organic disease or brain damage; emotional disturbances and personality changes often accompany the intellectual deterioration

Question 19

aphasia

Answer 19

language disorder affecting phonology, grammar, semantics and pragmatics as well as reading and writing caused by focal brain damage

Question 20

neologism

Answer 20

a new word that may be meaningless

Question 21

verbal paraphasia

Answer 21

unintended substitution of one word for another usually from the same category

Question 22

literal paraphasia

Answer 22

sounds and syllables of a word are articulated correctly but are substituted or transposed

Question 23

circumlocution

Answer 23

a circuitous description of a word that cannot be recalled

Question 24

agrammatism

Answer 24

language characterized by predominance of content words (nouns, verbs) and absence of functors (articles, prepositions); characteristic of Broca’s aphasia

Question 25

jargon aphasia

Answer 25

meaningless words typical of Wernicke's aphasia