ch 9 conduct problems lecture notes Flashcards
what is juvenile delinquency?
young offender between 12 and 17 years of age who has “violated criminal legislation and is therefore subject to punishments determined by a youth court
conduct problems and antisocial problems are terms used to describe:
-age-inappropriate actions and attitudes that violate family expectations, societal norms and personal or property rights of others.
-problems in controlling emotion and behaviour.
what is criterion A for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in the DSM-5?
A pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behaviour or vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months as evidenced by at least 4 symptoms from any of the following categories and exhibited during interaction with at least one individual who is not a sibling.
Angry/irritable mood:
-often looses temper
-is often touchy or easily annoyed
-is often angry or resentful.
Argumentative/defiant behaviour:
-often argues with authority figures or, for children and adolescents, with adults.
-often actively defies or refuses to comply with request’s from authority figures or with rules
-often deliberately annoys others
-often blames other for his or her mistakes or misbehaviour.
Vindictiveness:
-has been spiteful or vindictive at least twice within the last 6 months
what is criterion B for Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in the DSM-5?
the disturbance in behaviour is associated with distress in the individual or others in his or her immediate social context (family, peer group, work colleagues), or it impacts negatively on social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning.
what is criterion C for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in the DSM-5?
the behaviours do not occur exclusively during the course of a psychotic, substance use, depressive, or bipolar disorder. Also, the criteria are not met for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.
explain the 3 levels of severity for ODD?
mild: symptoms are confined to only one setting (home, school, work, with peers)
Moderate: some symptoms are present in at least two settings.
Severe: some symptoms are present in three or more settings.
by what age does ODD usually appear by?
age 8
What is criterion A for conduct disorder in the DSM-5?
A repetitive and persistent pattern of behaviour in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated, as manifested by the presence of at least 3 of the following 15 criteria in the past 12 months from any of the categories below, with at least one criterion present in the last 6 months.
Aggression to people and animals:
-often bullies, threatens and intimate others.
-often initiate physical fights
-has used a weapon that can cause serious harm to others
-has been physically cruel to people
-has been physically cruel to animals
-has stolen while confronting a victim
-has forced someone into sexual activity
Destruction of property:
-has deliberately engaged in fire setting with the intention of causing serious damage
-has deliberately destroyed other property
Deceitfulness or theft:
-has broken into someones house, building,car
-lies to obtain goods or favours or to avoid obligations
-has stolen items of nontrivial values without confronting a victim.
Serious violation of Rules:
-often stays out at night despite parental prohibitions, beginning before age 13
-has run away from home overnight at least twice while living in the parental home or once without returning for lengthy period.
-truant from school, beginning before age 13
what is criterion B and C for conduct disorders in the DSM-5?
B. the disturbance in behaviour causes clinically significant impairment in social, academic or occupational functioning.
C. if the individual is age 18 years older, criteria are not met for antisocial personality disorder.
what are the 3 different types of conduct disorders?
childhood-onset type: Individuals show at leas one symptom characteristic of conduct disorder prior to age 10yrs
adolescent-onset type: individuals show no symptom characteristic of conduct disorder prior to age 10 yrs
unspecified onset: criteria for a diagnosis of conduct disorder are met, but there is not enough information available to determine whether the onset of the first symptom was before or after age 10 yrs
characteristics of childhood onset conduct disorder
-first symptoms by age 10
-more likely to be boys
-show more aggressive symptoms
-more likely to engage in illegal activity
-persistent antisocial behaviour over time
-more likely to have ADHD and family dysfunction
characteristics of adolescent onset conduct disorder
-by age 15
-equal sex ratio
-less severe behaviour/lower psychopathology
-less likely to commit violent offenses or to persist in their antisocial behaviour
what are some associated characteristics with conduct disorders?
-cognitive and verbal deficits
-deficits in executive functioning
-school and learning problems
-family problems
-peer problems
-health-related problems
explain what problems a child with conduct disorder may have in regards to school and learning
-underachievement, grade retention, special education placement, dropout, suspension, expulsion
-neurological or language deficit, lack of self esteem and socio-economic disadvantage may lead to it
what is reactive aggression?
display hostile attributional bias–more likely to interpret others behaviours as indicative or malintent especially when ambiguous, therefore their aggressive tendencies are a response to “perceived” provocation
