- The force that holds two atoms together - an attachment may form by the attraction of the positively charged nucleus of one atom for the negatively charged electrons of another atom or by the attraction of charged atoms which are called ions

- the electrons in the outermost energy level - also in the chemical bond attraction

Ch. 8 Ionic Compounds Flashcards by yami robles

Chemical bond

The force that holds two atoms together
an attachment may form by the attraction of the positively charged nucleus of one atom for the negatively charged electrons of another atom or by the attraction of charged atoms which are called ions

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Valence electrons

the electrons in the outermost energy level

- also in the chemical bond attraction

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Noble gasses

Are a family of elements that have very little tendency to react

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Stable Octet

Elements have a set of eight outermost electrons

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Pseudo- noble gas formations

Relatively stable electrons structures developed by loss of electrons in certain elements of groups 1B, 2B, 3A, and 4A

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True or false ?

A positively charged ion is called an anion

False

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True or false ?

Elements in group 1A lose the I one valence electron, forming an ion with a 1+ charge

True

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True or false ?

Elements tend to react so that they acquire the electron structure of a halogen

False

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True or false ?

A sodium atom tends to lose one electron When it reacts

True

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True or false ?

The electron structure of a zinc ion (Zn2+) is an example of a pseudo noble gas formation

True

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True or false ?

A CI- ion is an example of a cation

False

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True or false ?

The ending -ide is used to designate an anion

True

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True or false ?

Non metals form a stable outer electron configuration by losing electrons and becoming anions

False

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Ionic bond

Is a force that holds together atoms that are oppositely charged

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The formula unit of an ionic compound shows the

Simplest ratio of the ions

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The overall charge of a formula unit of an ionic compound

Is always zero

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Ionic bonds generally occur between

A metal and a non metal

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salts are ex’s of

Ionic compounds

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Crystal lattice

A three dimensional arrangement of particles In an ionic solid

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In a crystal lattice of an ionic compound

Ions are surround by ions of the opposite charge

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What is the relationship between lattice em where and the strength of the attractive force holding ions in place ?

The more negative the lattice energy is the greater the force

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The formation of a stable ionic compound from ions

Is always exothermic

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In electron transfer involving a metallic atom and a nonmetallic atom during ion formation, _________________________________________

The nonmetallic atom gains electrons from the metallic atom

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Melting point

High

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Boiling point

High

Hardness

Hard

Brittleness

Brittle

Electrical conductivity in a sold state

Poor

Electrical conductivity in the liquid state

Good

Electrical conductivity when dissolved in water

Good

True or false ? | The crystal lattice of an ionic compound affects their melting and boiling points

True

True or false ? | The lattice energy is the energy required to separate the ions of an ionic compound

True

True or false ? | The energy of an ionic compound is higher than that of the separate elements that formed it

False

True or false ? | Large ions tend to produce more negative value for the lattice energy thanthe smaller ions do

False

True or false ? | Ions that have larger charges tend to produce a more negative lattice energy than ions with smaller charges do

True

Monatomic ion

A one atom ion

Oxidation number

- The number of electrons transfers to or from the atom to form the ion - the charge of such an ion is equal to the atoms^

In ionic compounds the sum of the charges of all the ions equals ________

Polyatomic ions

Ions made up of more than one atom

Oxyanion

An ion negatively charged and includes one or more oxygen atoms

Suffix - ate

Two such ions can be formed that contain different number of oxygen atoms, the name for the ion with more oxygen atoms

Suffix - ite

The name for the ions with fewer oxygen atoms

Chemical formula for any ionic compound

The chemical symbol for the CATION is written first followed by the chu kcal symbol for the ANION

Subscript

- Is a small number used to represent the number of ions of a given element in a chemical formula - these numbers are written to the lower right of symbol for the element

Chlorate

C1O¥3-

Hypochlorite

C1O-

Chloride

C1-

Perchlorate

C1O¥4-

Chlorite

C1O¥2-

NaI

Sodium Ludide

CaC1,2

Calcium chloride

K,2S

Potassium sulfide

MgO

Magnesium oxide

LiHSO

Lithium hydrogen sulfate

NH,4Br

Ammonium bromide

Ca,3N,2

Calcium nitride

Cs,3P

Cesium phosphide

KBrO,3

Potassium bromate

Mg(CIO),2

Magnesium hypo chloride

Li,2O,2

Lithium peroxide

Be,3(PO,4),2

Beryllium carbonate

(NH,4),2CO,3

Amuonium carbonate

NaBrO,3

Sodium bromate

Fr,2O,3

Iron (111) oxide

Fe(IO,3),2

Iron (111) lodate

Beryllium nitride

Be,3N,2

Nickel (11) chloride

NiCI,2

Potassium chlorite

KcIO,2

Copper (1) oxide

Cu,2O

Magnesium sulfite

MgSO,3

Ammonium sulfide

(NH,4) ,2S

Calcium iodate

Ca (IO,3) ,2

Iron (111) perchlorate

Iron (CIO,4),3

Sodium nitride

Na,3N

Why are the electrons in a metallic solid described as delocalized?

They move from one atom to another