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Chemistry > Ch. 7 The Elements > Flashcards

Ch. 7 The Elements Flashcards

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1
Q

Why are the elements in groups 1A-8A called representative elements ?

A

Because as a group they display a wide range of physical and chemical properties

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2
Q

What do all elements in a group have in common ?

A

They have the same number of valence electrons

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3
Q

How many valence electrons do group 1A elements have ?

A

2 valence electrons

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4
Q

How many valence electrons do group 2A elements have ?

A

1 valence electron

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5
Q

What is the difference between the electron configurations for elements in groups 1A and 2A, and those for elements in groups 3A-8Aa ?

A

Groups 1A & 2A have valence electrons in s orbitals

  • 3A-8A have p orbitals
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6
Q

Why don’t all the elements in a group have the same properties ?

A

The valence electrons differ

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7
Q

Why is hydrogen not considered a part of any group ?

A

It has both metallic and non metallic properties

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8
Q

How does hydrogen act like a metal ?

A

It donates an electron

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9
Q

How does hydrogen act Ike a non metal ?

A

It accepts an electron

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10
Q

Name 2 way hydrogen is produced in the lab

A
  1. By chemical substitution

2. The burning of substances

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11
Q

True or false ?

Alkali and alkaline earth metals are not reactive

A

False

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12
Q

True or false ?

Alkali metals are shiny Gray solids soft enough to be cut by a knife

A

True

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13
Q

True or false ?

The metal lithium has a diagonal relationship with the metal magnesium

A

True

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14
Q

True or false ?

An alloy is a compound of a metal and oxygen

A

False

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15
Q

True or false ?

Sodium and potassium are the most abundant alkali metals

A

True

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16
Q

True or false ?

Potassium chloride can be used as a substitute for sodium chloride

A

True

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17
Q

True or false ?

Alkaline earth metals form ions with a +2 charge

A

True

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18
Q

True or false ?
The order of reactivity of the alkaline earth metals from most to least reactive is beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium

A

False

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19
Q

True or false ?

Alkaline earth meat and do not react with oxygen

A

False

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20
Q

Sodium consist of :

A

Baking soda

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21
Q

Calcium consist of :

A

Chalk

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22
Q

Barium consist of :

A

X rays

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23
Q

Beryllium consist of :

A

Non sparking tools

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24
Q

Magnesium consist of :

A

Chlorophyll

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25
Q

Strontium consist of :

A

Fireworks

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26
Q

Potassium consist of :

A

Fertilizers

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27
Q

Lithium consist of :

A

Treating bipolar disorders

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28
Q

Which is more reactive?

Li, Na, K

A

K

29
Q

Which is more reactive ?

K, Fr, Na

A

Fr

30
Q

Which is more reactive ?

Ba, Mg, Be

A

Ba

31
Q

Which is more reactive ?

Li, K, Ba

A

Ba

32
Q

What does the p-black elements contain ?

A

Metals, metalloids, non metals and noble gasses

33
Q

Boron is found in California in the form of ?

A

Borax

34
Q

________ is the most abundant metal in earths crust.

A

Aluminum

35
Q

Boron nitride and aluminum oxide are both _______

A

Abrasives

36
Q

Graphite and diamond are are ex’s of ________

A

Allotropes

  • because they are different forms of the same element in the same state
37
Q

Organic chemistry

A

Is the branch of chemistry that studies most carbon compounds

38
Q

Minerals

A

Are carbonates, cyanides, carbides, sulfide and oxides of carbon are classified as inorganic compounds

39
Q

Silicon

A

Is the second most abundant Element in earths crust

40
Q

Computer chips made of silicon are less efficient than______ chips

A

Gallium

41
Q

Plants and animals get the nitrogen they need from ?

A

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

42
Q

The major industrial use for nitrogen is to make ______

A

Ammonia

43
Q

Some of the uses for phosphorous are :

A

In cleaning products and fertilizers

44
Q

Hydrogen sulfide

A

Is used as an energy source by certain bacteria living near ocean vents

45
Q

Oxygen

A

Is the most abundant element in earths crust

46
Q

Ozone is

A

An allotrope of oxygen

47
Q

The release of phosphate ions from fertilizers or detergents into bodies of water may lead to depletion of dissolved oxygen because

A

Phosphate ions serve as nutrients for algae

48
Q

Selenium

A

Is used in solar panels because it can convert light into electricity

49
Q

Fluorine

A

The most chemically active of all the elements

50
Q

Used for chlorine:

A

Bleaches, disinfectants, and plastics

51
Q

Transition metals

A

Are elements whose final electron enters a d-sub level

52
Q

Inner transition metals

A

Are elements whose electron enters f-sub level

53
Q

How are differences I properties among the transition elements explained ?

A

By the ability of d electrons to move into the valence level

54
Q

State 3 ways transition metals are separated from their ores

A

Heat, electricity, or by using solutions

55
Q

Tungsten

A

Are classified as strategic metals

56
Q

Chromium

A

Are classified as strategic metals

57
Q

Zinc

A
  • Provides a protective coating to resist rusting

- found in molecules that help the body digest proteins and eliminate carbon dioxide

58
Q

Cobalt

A
  • needed for the development of red blood cells

- are classified as strategic metals

59
Q

Iron

A
  • found in the center of a hemoglobin molecule

- the main Element in steel

60
Q

Platinum

A
  • can control the conditions at which a reaction occurs

- are classified as strategic metals

61
Q

Manganese

A
  • involved in cell respiration

- are classified as strategic metals

62
Q

Copper

A
  • used in electrical wiring

- involved in cell respiration

63
Q

Silver

A
  • the best conductor of electricity
64
Q

Lathanides

A

They are usually found mixed together in nature

65
Q

Welders goggles contain __________ and ________ because these elements absorb high energy radiation

A

Neodymium and praseodymium

66
Q

Because some of its compounds emit red light when excited by electrons __________ is often used in tv screens

A

Yttrium

67
Q

The _______ are radioactive

A

Actinides

68
Q

Transuranic elements

A

Elements with atomic numbers above 92

69
Q

Some smoke detectors used in the home contain. ________

A

Americium

Chemistry (13 decks)

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