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Chemistry > Ch. 7 The Elements > Flashcards

Ch. 7 The Elements Flashcards

1
Q

Why are the elements in groups 1A-8A called representative elements ?

A

Because as a group they display a wide range of physical and chemical properties

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2
Q

What do all elements in a group have in common ?

A

They have the same number of valence electrons

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3
Q

How many valence electrons do group 1A elements have ?

A

2 valence electrons

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4
Q

How many valence electrons do group 2A elements have ?

A

1 valence electron

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5
Q

What is the difference between the electron configurations for elements in groups 1A and 2A, and those for elements in groups 3A-8Aa ?

A

Groups 1A & 2A have valence electrons in s orbitals

  • 3A-8A have p orbitals
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6
Q

Why don’t all the elements in a group have the same properties ?

A

The valence electrons differ

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7
Q

Why is hydrogen not considered a part of any group ?

A

It has both metallic and non metallic properties

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8
Q

How does hydrogen act like a metal ?

A

It donates an electron

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9
Q

How does hydrogen act Ike a non metal ?

A

It accepts an electron

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10
Q

Name 2 way hydrogen is produced in the lab

A
  1. By chemical substitution

2. The burning of substances

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11
Q

True or false ?

Alkali and alkaline earth metals are not reactive

A

False

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12
Q

True or false ?

Alkali metals are shiny Gray solids soft enough to be cut by a knife

A

True

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13
Q

True or false ?

The metal lithium has a diagonal relationship with the metal magnesium

A

True

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14
Q

True or false ?

An alloy is a compound of a metal and oxygen

A

False

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15
Q

True or false ?

Sodium and potassium are the most abundant alkali metals

A

True

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16
Q

True or false ?

Potassium chloride can be used as a substitute for sodium chloride

A

True

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17
Q

True or false ?

Alkaline earth metals form ions with a +2 charge

A

True

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18
Q

True or false ?
The order of reactivity of the alkaline earth metals from most to least reactive is beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium

A

False

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19
Q

True or false ?

Alkaline earth meat and do not react with oxygen

A

False

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20
Q

Sodium consist of :

A

Baking soda

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21
Q

Calcium consist of :

A

Chalk

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22
Q

Barium consist of :

A

X rays

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23
Q

Beryllium consist of :

A

Non sparking tools

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24
Q

Magnesium consist of :

A

Chlorophyll

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25
Strontium consist of :
Fireworks
26
Potassium consist of :
Fertilizers
27
Lithium consist of :
Treating bipolar disorders
28
Which is more reactive? | Li, Na, K
K
29
Which is more reactive ? | K, Fr, Na
Fr
30
Which is more reactive ? | Ba, Mg, Be
Ba
31
Which is more reactive ? | Li, K, Ba
Ba
32
What does the p-black elements contain ?
Metals, metalloids, non metals and noble gasses
33
Boron is found in California in the form of ?
Borax
34
________ is the most abundant metal in earths crust.
Aluminum
35
Boron nitride and aluminum oxide are both _______
Abrasives
36
Graphite and diamond are are ex's of ________
Allotropes - because they are different forms of the same element in the same state
37
Organic chemistry
Is the branch of chemistry that studies most carbon compounds
38
Minerals
Are carbonates, cyanides, carbides, sulfide and oxides of carbon are classified as inorganic compounds
39
Silicon
Is the second most abundant Element in earths crust
40
Computer chips made of silicon are less efficient than______ chips
Gallium
41
Plants and animals get the nitrogen they need from ?
Nitrogen fixing bacteria
42
The major industrial use for nitrogen is to make ______
Ammonia
43
Some of the uses for phosphorous are :
In cleaning products and fertilizers
44
Hydrogen sulfide
Is used as an energy source by certain bacteria living near ocean vents
45
Oxygen
Is the most abundant element in earths crust
46
Ozone is
An allotrope of oxygen
47
The release of phosphate ions from fertilizers or detergents into bodies of water may lead to depletion of dissolved oxygen because
Phosphate ions serve as nutrients for algae
48
Selenium
Is used in solar panels because it can convert light into electricity
49
Fluorine
The most chemically active of all the elements
50
Used for chlorine:
Bleaches, disinfectants, and plastics
51
Transition metals
Are elements whose final electron enters a d-sub level
52
Inner transition metals
Are elements whose electron enters f-sub level
53
How are differences I properties among the transition elements explained ?
By the ability of d electrons to move into the valence level
54
State 3 ways transition metals are separated from their ores
Heat, electricity, or by using solutions
55
Tungsten
Are classified as strategic metals
56
Chromium
Are classified as strategic metals
57
Zinc
- Provides a protective coating to resist rusting | - found in molecules that help the body digest proteins and eliminate carbon dioxide
58
Cobalt
- needed for the development of red blood cells | - are classified as strategic metals
59
Iron
- found in the center of a hemoglobin molecule | - the main Element in steel
60
Platinum
- can control the conditions at which a reaction occurs | - are classified as strategic metals
61
Manganese
- involved in cell respiration | - are classified as strategic metals
62
Copper
- used in electrical wiring | - involved in cell respiration
63
Silver
- the best conductor of electricity
64
Lathanides
They are usually found mixed together in nature
65
Welders goggles contain __________ and ________ because these elements absorb high energy radiation
Neodymium and praseodymium
66
Because some of its compounds emit red light when excited by electrons __________ is often used in tv screens
Yttrium
67
The _______ are radioactive
Actinides
68
Transuranic elements
Elements with atomic numbers above 92
69
Some smoke detectors used in the home contain. ________
Americium

Chemistry (13 decks)

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