Ch. 3 Matter- Properties And Change Flashcards
Matter
Is anything with mass and volume
Substance
Is a form of matter with a uniform and unchanging composition
They also have specific numbers changing PROPERTIES that can be observed
They have both physical and chemical properties
Physical properties
Can be observed without changing a substances chemical composition
Ex: are color, hardness, and density
Chemical properties
Can’t be observed without changing the composition of a substance
Ex: is the tendency of iron to form rust when exposed to air
Ex of physical properties
- Chemical formula H2O
- Colorless
- Solid at normal temperatures and pressures
- Melting point
- Conducts electricity
Chemical properties
- Forms green carbonate when exposed to moist air
- Remains unchanged when in the presence of nitrogen
- Ability to combine with another substance
True or false ?
All matter that we encounter in everyday life exist in one of three physical forms
True
True or false ?
A solid has definite shape and volume
True
True or false ?
A liquid has a definite shape takes on the volume of its container
False
True or false ?
A gas has both the shape and the volume of its container
True
True or false ?
The particles in a gas can’t be compressed into a smaller volume
False
True or false ?
Liquids tend to contract when heated
False
True or false ?
The particles In a solid are spaced far apart
False
True or false ?
The words gas and vapor can be used interchangeably
False
Physical changes include :
- Boil
- Freeze
- Condense
- Vaporize
- Melt
Chemical changes include :
- Explode
- Rust
- Oxidize
- Burn
- Rot
Chemical change
A chemical reaction that involves one or more substances changing into new substances
Reactants
The starting substances in a chemical reaction
Products
The new substances that are formed in a chemical reaction
Chemical equation
Shows the relationship between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction
Law of conservation of mass
States that mass is neither created nor destroyed in any process
Filtration
Separates solids from liquids by using porous barrier
Distillation
Separates substances on the basis of the boiling points of the substances
Crystallization
Separates by formation of solid, pure particles from a solution
Chromatography
Separates substances based on their movement through a special paper
Element
A substance that can’t be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means
Compound
A chemical combination of two or more different elements
Ex of an element
Is oxygen
Ex of a compound
Aspirin
Periods
Horizontal rows in the periodic table
Groups or families
Vertical columns in a periodic table
Ex of elements
- Silicon
- Francium
- Nickel
Ex of a compound
- Sodium chloride
2. Ice
