Ch. 8

Question 0

3 Domains

Answer 0

Encoding

Storage

Retrieval

Question 1

Memory

Answer 1

Retention of information overtime

Question 2

Sensory Memory

Answer 2

Rich and detailed information held in sensory form (sights, sounds, smells, etc.)

Very brief duration- an instant

Question 3

Short Term Memory

Answer 3

Attention: sensory to short term

Limited duration (about 30 seconds)

Limited capacity (5-9 items)

Question 4

Chunking

Answer 4

Grouping of items by category

Question 5

Rehearsal

Answer 5

Conscious repetition of information

Question 6

Imagery

Answer 6

Create a visual picture

Question 7

Elaboration

Answer 7

Create a story, rhyme, etc.

Question 8

Long term memory

Answer 8

Relatively permanent with “unlimited capacity”

Long periods of time

Goal: this is where true learning occurs

Question 9

Retrieval

Answer 9

The memory task of taking information out of storage

2 types:

• Recall- retrieve previously learned information with no retrieval cues(ex. essay exam)
• Recognition- Identify or recognize the previously learned item (ex. multiple choice exam)

Question 10

Interference theory

Answer 10

Something gets in the way of what we want to recall

Question 11

Decay theory

Answer 11

Passage of time results in forgetting (use it or lose it)

Question 12

Mnemonic

Answer 12

Memory aids for remembering

• Method of Loci
• Keyword
• Acronyms

Question 13

Metacognition

Answer 13

“Thinking about thinking”

• Monitoring and reflecting on our thoughts
• Self-instruction- help alter what people say about themselves
• Important shift from learning controlled by others to responsibility for one’s own learning