CH 7 Test Material & EXTRAS Flashcards
List some Fluids
- toilet flushing
- sink
- mouth wash
- tooth paste
- milk
- soap
- water
- gasoline
- car cleaner (winter) gasoline wont freeze
- cleaning windshield
- lake
- blood
- olive oil
- hand sanitizer
- sweat
- shower
- shampoo
- watering plants
- boiling milk
- boiling water
- laundry detergent
- laundry machine
- paint
- nail polish
- eye contact solution
- urinating
- latering of soap
- Dish soap
Describe Solids, Liquids, Gases
solid has a definite shape and volume
liquids dont have a definite shape, they have definite volume
gases dont have a definite shape or volume
What is the partical theory?
• all matter is made of tiny particles
• particles have empty spaces between them
• particles are moving randomly all the time
• particles move faster and spread farther apart when they are heated
• particles attract each other
Glaciers are classifed both what and why?
Glaciers are a fluid (liquid) and a solid. This is because when they melt they become a fluid (liquid)
What are the types of flow?
Laminar flow is smooth and regular; turbulent flow is choppy and irregular.
Whats an advantage for turbulent flow for fish
turbulenet flow in a river creates oxygen for fish and other animals
What is an eddy (simplified)
eddy is a calm area behind rocks on a tubulent flow
What is the functions of blood in the body
To deliver oxygen to the body as well as remove waste from cells
Why someone would need dialysis?
Dialysis is a treatment for people with kidney problems. It helps remove waste and excess fluid from their blood when their kidneys can’t do it on their own. It acts as a substitute for their kidneys. It can be necessary for people with kidney failure or other kidney diseases.
What is an Eddy and its purpose
An Eddy is an area of slower-moving fluid that occurs behind an obstacle
An eddy’s purpose is to help distribute nutrients, oxygen, and other important stuff in bodies of water.
What is the formula for flow rate and how to calculate it
flow rate = volume of fluid
amount of time
Describe Laminar Flow
Laminar flow is when fluids move in orderly lines or along smooth pathways. In pipes and hoses, laminar flow allows fluids to move quickly with more energy.
Objects that are streamlimed have shapes that what?
Objects that are streamlined have shapes that reduce turbulence and create more laminar flow.
Managing fluid flow can create problems as well as solve them. Explain why
Heavy rains can cause turbulent flow in rivers, resulting in erosion of riverbanks. Concrete linings create more laminar flow and prevent soil erosion.
What does it mean when something’s more viscous
When something is more viscous, it means that it’s thicker and flows more slowly. It’s like honey compared to water. The higher the viscosity, the more resistance there is to flow. (least number) :. Ketchup (1.2ml/s) is more viscous than Cooking Oil (6ml/s)
Use the term “viscosity” to explain how wetting agents are used to help fight fires.
wetting agents are used to reduce the viscosity of water. By doing this, the water can spread more easily and extinguish fires more effectively.
How does adhesion affect flow rate?
Adhesion causes gases and liquids to travel faster near the centre of pipesand tubes than at the edges. The fluid’s attraction to the material the pipes and tubes are made of slows down the flow of the fluid.
Explain why fluids travel faster near the centre of pipes and tubes than at the edges.
Fluids in pipes tend to move faster near the center and slower at the edges due to laminar flow. In the center, fluid particles experience less friction with the pipe walls, allowing them to move faster, while particles near the edges experience more friction and thus move slower.
Give an example in real life that shows adhesion at work.
An example of adhesion in real life is when water droplets stick to the surface of a window or a mirror. The water molecules are attracted to the molecules on the surface, causing them to stick together.
Describe the relationship between flow rate and viscosity.
Higher viscosity means slower flow rate, and lower viscosity means faster flow rate.
Give one advantage and disadvantage each for laminar and turbulent flow
An advantage of Laminar Flow is that it has lower energy loss compared to turbulent flow. This makes it more efficient for certain applications like fluid transportation.
A disadvantage of Laminar Flow is that it is more prone to clogging or blockages due to its smoothness.
An advantage for Turbulent Flow is that it has better mixing and heat transfer, making it useful in processes that require efficient mixing or heat exchange.
A disadvantage of Turbulent Flow is that it tends to have higher energy losses due to the chaotic movement of the fluid, which can lead to increased friction and pressure drop.
What is Aeronautics?
Aeronautics is the study of the science of flight. Aeronautics literally means “to sail in the air.” Aeronautical research deals with the science of air and space travel such as wing design to control airflow over and around wings.
What are dams used for?
Dams control water flow by storing it during heavy precipitation and releasing it during lower precipitation. They’re also used to generate electricity by pushing water through penstocks to spin turbine blades, which produce electricity.
Whats the difference between Cohesion and Adhesion
Fluid particles are attracted to eachother (cohesion) and to the sides of their containers (adhesion)
