CH 4 Definitions

Question 1

Define Cell

Answer 1

The basic structural and functional unit of life

Question 2

Define Cell Theory

Answer 2

The theory that states that all living things consists of Cells, that the Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 3

Define Magnification

Answer 3

The degree to which the apperance of a specimen is enlarged

Question 4

Define Field Of View

Answer 4

The visible area of the specimen seen through the eyepiece of a compound microscope

Question 5

Define Organelle

Answer 5

A small structure found within a cell; performs a specific function in a cell

Question 6

Define Cytoplasm

Answer 6

The watery substance in a cell in which the organelles are suspended; also used for transport and chemical reactions

Question 7

Define Cell Membrane

Answer 7

The part of a cell that surrounds and holds the cell contents together; controls movement of substances into and out of a cell

Question 8

Define Nucleus

Answer 8

The control centre in a cell; stores the genetic information that directs all of the cell’s functions

Question 9

Define Chromosomes

Answer 9

Rod-like structures in the nucleus of a cell: contain the genetic information of a cell

Question 10

Define Vacuole

Answer 10

A membrane-surrounded storage compartment in a cell; stores food, water, and other materials

Question 11

Define Cell Wall

Answer 11

A structure surrounding plant cells that protects and supports the cell; made of cellulose

Question 12

Define Chloroplast

Answer 12

Site of photosynthesis; chloroplasts in a plant cell absorb sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food

Question 13

Define Flagella

Answer 13

Tail-like structures that propel cells through their environment

Question 14

Define Cilia

Answer 14

Hair-like projections that help propel the cell or move the substances surrounding the cell

Question 15

Define Electron Microscope

Answer 15

A microscope that uses beams of electrons instead of beams of light; has more magnifying power than a compound light microscope

Question 16

Define Unicellular Organism

Answer 16

An organism with a singular cell

Question 17

Define Multicelluar Organism

Answer 17

An organism with multiple cells

Question 18

Define Ocular lens (eyepiece)

Answer 18

This is the lens you look through to view the specimen. The ocular lens magnifies the specimen.

Question 19

Define Objective lenses

Answer 19

These lenses magnify the specimen. There are usually three objective lenses: a low-power objective lens, a medium-power objective lens, and a high-power objective lens.

Question 20

Define Coarse-Adjustement knob

Answer 20

This knob is used to focus the image of the specimen. The coarse-adjustment knob should only be used with the low-power objective lens in place.

Question 21

Define Fine-adjustment knob

Answer 21

This knob is used to bring the image of the specimen into a sharp focus after the coarse-adjustment knob has been used.

Question 22

Define Specimen

Answer 22

Plant or Animal Cell seen through a Microscope