CH 2 Defintions Flashcards
Define Simple Machine
A device that requires a single force to work: made of only one or two parts
Define Fulcrum
The pivot point of a lever
Define Load Arm
The part that extends from the fulcrum to the mass being moved
Define Effort Arm
The part of a lever that extends from the fulcrum to where the force is applied
Define Input Force
The effort force applied to the lever
Define Output Force
The force the lever applies to the load
Define Load Force
The force that the input force has to overcome in order to cause movement
Define Magnitude
The quanity of force
Define Newton
The unit used to measure forces (N)
Define Friction
The force that resists the movement of objects sliding or rolling over one another
Define Static Friction
The force that holds a motionless object where it is, preventing it fron being moved across another objects surface
Define Sliding Friction
The force that acts like a brake when one surface slides over another surface
Define Lubricant
A substance that reduces friction and causes surfaces to slide more easily
Define Mechanical Advantage (MA)
The ratio of output force to input force for a given machine
Define Ideal Mechanical Advantage
The mechanical advantage of a machine if all of the input force is converted into output force; never possible in real-world applications
Define Actual Mechanical Advantage
The mechanical advantage of a machine in real-world applications; equal to ideal mechanical advantage minus force lost friction, slippage, and distortion
Define Work
The result when a force moves an object a certain distance
Define Energy
The ability to apply a force to move an object distance
Define Archimedes’ Screw
Archimedes’ Screw is a device used in many cultures to lift water
Define Auger
Auger is a hand tool with a long blade that looks sort of like a screw, which drills holes when turned
Define Gear
A Gear is a Modified Wheel and Axle. Gears are Toothed Wheels, most commonly made of Metal or Plastic. They are used to Speed Up Or Slow Down Motion, Or To Change The Direction Of Motion
Define Lever
A Lever Are Designed so that The Force Applied to One Part of the Lever Can Be Changed Or Redirected In Order To Move A Load.
Define Pulley
Pulleys are used to help lift heavy loads or change the direction of a force.
Define Wedge
Wedge is a Force that Can Raise Objects Or Split Objects
