Ch. 7: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Question 1

Authoritarian Parenting
Authoritative Parenting
Permissive Parenting
Uninvolved Parenting

Answer 1

Authoritarian: combines high control with little warmth

Authoritative: combines a fair degree of parental control with being warm and responsive to children

Permissive Parenting: offers warmth and caring but little parental control

Uninvolved Parenting: provides neither warmth nor control

Question 2

Direct Instruction

Answer 2

Telling a child what to do, when and why

Question 3

Counterimitation

Answer 3

Through observation, learning what should NOT be done

Question 4

Negative Reinforcement Trap

Answer 4

unintentionally reinforcing the behavior you want to cease. Ask child to do chores, child whines, parent says they don’t have to do chores to get the whining to stop. Child learns that whining gets them out of chores

Question 5

Ego Resilience

Answer 5

person’s ability to respond adaptively and resourcefully to new situations

Question 6

Co-rumination

Answer 6

friends spend time together discussing each other’s problems

Question 7

Dominance Heirarchy

Answer 7

Children/adolescent social groups tend to have a leader to whom all other members of the group defer

Question 8

Instrumental Aggression

Answer 8

A Child uses aggression to achieve an explicit goal

Question 9

Hostile Aggression

Answer 9

unprovoked and seems to have its sole goal to intimidate, harass, or humiliate another child

Question 10

Relational Aggression

Answer 10

Children try to hurt others by undermining their social relationships

Question 11

Selman’s Five Stages of Perspective Taking (USSTS)

Answer 11

Undifferentiated (3-6): children know that self and others can have different thoughts and feelings but often confuse the two

Social-informational (4-9): children know that perspectives differ because people have access to different information

Self-reflective (7-12): children can step into another person’s shoes and view themselves as others do; they know others can do the same

Third-person (10-15): children can step outside the immediate situation to see how they and another person are viewed by a third person

Societal (14+): Adolescents realize that a third-person perspective is influenced by broader personal, social, and cultural contexts

Question 12

Recursive Thinking

Answer 12

Thoughts that focus on what another person is thinking