Ch. 13: Biopsychosocial Challenges of Middle Adulthood Flashcards
Skeletal Maturity
Point at which bone mass is greatest and the skeleton is at peak development, occurs around 18 for women and 20 in men.
Osteoporosis
Disease in which bones become porous and extremely easy to break
Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorbtiometry (DXA) Test
Test of bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip and the spine
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)
Compounds that are not estrogens, but have estrogen-like effects on some tissues and estrogen-blocking effects on other tissues (Related to osteoporosis treatment)
Osteoarthritis
Most common form of arthritis, a disease marked by gradual onset of bone damage with progression of pain and disability together with minor signs of inflammation from wear and tear
Rheumatoid Arthritis
More destructive disease of the joints that develops slowly; it typically affects different joints and causes different types of pain than osteoarthritis
Climacteric
biological process during which women pass from their reproductive to nonreproductive years
Perimenopause
Individually varying time of transition from regular menstruation
Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)
women take low doses of estrogen, which is often combined with progestin (a synthetic form of progesterone)
Stress and coping paradigm
Framework that view stress not as an environmental stimulus or as a response, but as the interaction of a thinking person and an event
Three Types of Appraisals of Stress: Primary, Secondary, and Reappraisal
Primary Appraisal: Categorizes events into three groups based on the significance they have for our well-being: irrelevant, benign/positive, or stressful
Secondary Appraisal: evaluates our perceived ability to cope with harm, threat, or challenge
Reappraisal: Process of making a new primary or secondary appraisal resulting from changes in the situation
Problem-Focused Coping
Attempts to tackle the problem head-on
Emotion-focused Coping
dealing with one’s feelings about a stressful event
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction
Being aware and nonjudgmental of whatever is happening in the moment
Practical Intelligence
Broad range of skills related to how individuals shape, select, or adapt to their physical and social environments
Mechanics of Intelligence
Aspects of intelligence that comprise fluid intelligence
Pragmatics of Intelligence
aspects of intelligence reflecting crystallized intelligence
McCrae & Costa’s 5 Dimensions of Adult Personality Traits
Suggests that personality traits stop changing by age 30. Neuroticism tends to decrease with age and agreeableness and conscientiousness increase.
Five Traits: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. NEOAC
Personality Adjustment
developmental changes in terms of their adaptive value and functionality such as whether one can function effectively within society and how personality contributes to everyday life running smoothly
Personality Growth
Form of personality that refers to ideal end states such as increased self-transcendence, wisdom, and integrity
Generativity
In Erikson’s theory, being productive by helping others to ensure the continuation of society by guiding the next generation
Stagnation
In Erikson’s theory, the state in which people are unable to deal with the needs of their children or to provide mentoring to younger adults
Narrative
Way in which person derives personal meaning from being generative by constructing a life story, which helps create the person’s identity
Midlife Correction
Reevaluating one’s roles and dreams and making the necessary correction
Kinkeeper
Person who gathers family members together for celebrations and keeps them in touch with each other, usually a middle-aged mother.
Sandwich Generation
Middle-aged adults who are caught between the competing demands of two generations: their parents and their children
Filial Obligation
Sense of obligation to care for one’s parents if necessary
