Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Ch. 7 Metabolism III > Flashcards

Ch. 7 Metabolism III Flashcards

1
Q

What are the metabolic reactions/pathways: aerobic conditions in long term energy systems

A

Carbohydrate (glucose and glycogen)
glycolysis
glycogenolysis
gluconeogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the metabolic reaction pathways in aerobic conditions long term energy systems

A

Triglycerides
lipolysis
beta oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the metabolic reaction pathways in aerobic conditions long term energy systems

A

Protein

Proteolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the metabolic reaction pathways in aerobic conditions long term energy systems

A

Common to all substrates is the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

To get ATP from triglycerides you must have ______ ________

A

Aerobic conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the main triglycerides storage

A

Adipocytes that sells main storage of triglycerides
Adipocytes aggregate to form adipose tissue
Adipocytes are a cell because they do have a nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the second type of triglycerides storage

A

Blood

  • Chylomicron
  • lipoproteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why are cells stored in triglycerides in the cytoplasm

A

Because it is very concentrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the third type of triglyceride storage

A

Cytoplasm of cells
Intracellular triglycerides
A lot of ATP are stored in triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lipolysis gets turned on by

A

hormones to activate lipases (hormone sensitive lipase)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is lipolysis stored

A

In an area in which triglycerides are stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fatty acid’s in the circulation are transported bound to ________(plasma protein)

A

Albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fatty acid albumin complex circulates, dissociates when it reaches tissues, and free fatty acids enter the cytoplasm of cells via

A

Simple diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Activation and transport into mitochondria occurs in

A

Outer mitochondria membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The activation in transport into the mitochondria involve attaching a carrier molecule to the fatty acid reaction that cost how many ATP

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is beta oxidation

A

Beta oxidation is a series of reactions in which 2 carbons from Acyl-CoA are cut off building in the formation of acetyl CoA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does beta oxidation occur

A

Mitochondrial matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Each cycle of Beta oxidation produces

A

1 acetyl CoA
1NADH
1FADH2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The Krebs cycle produces

A

3NADH
1FADH2
1ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

One acetyl CoA produces how many ATP

A

12 ATP

21
Q

With 16 carbon fatty acid chain how many net ATP are total

A

129

22
Q

With 16 carbon fatty acid chain how many ATP are you’ll did from 7 NADH x 3 ATP/NADH

A

21 ATP

23
Q

With 16 carbon fatty acid chain how many ATP are from 7 FADH2 × 2 ATP/FADH2

A

14 ATP

24
Q

With the 16 carbon fatty acid chain how many ATP come from 8 acetyl CoA x 12 ATP/Acetyl CoA

A

96 ATP

25
Q

The total number of 131 ATP minus the two activation ATP yields a net ATP of ____ for 16 carbon fatty acid chain

A

129

26
Q

The primary energy system to support ATP is

A

Triglycerides

27
Q

There are a lot of triglycerides in adipose tissue with

A

Low intensity activity

28
Q

What is intracellular triglycerides

A

The ATP yield from triglycerides stored in the cytoplasm are the same as those stored in adipose tissue

29
Q

Skeletal muscle does not have the enzyme to use

A

Glycerol

30
Q

ATP yield is faster in stored glycerides then _______ glycerides

A

Transported

31
Q

What is the regulation of lipolysis controlled by

A

Endocrine system

32
Q

What are several hormones that get secreted in the blood circulate and turn on lipolysis

A

Glucagon and epinephrine

33
Q

Other hormones in the blood can inhibit lipolysis

A

Insulin

34
Q

True or false exercising a group of muscles example of abdominal muscles promotes lipolysis only in the adipose tissue that surrounds the active muscle

A

False

35
Q

True or false exercise will promote lipolysis of triglycerides stored in the cytoplasm of muscle fibers that are active during the exercise

A

True

36
Q

___________is released from adipose tissue into the blood

A

Glycerol

37
Q

Glycerol is taken up by the liver in used to synthesize glucose via

A

Gluconeogenesis

38
Q

What is gluconeogenesis

A

Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate substrate

  • reactions take place in the liver,mlargely in response to low blood glucose concentration
  • as a result of glucoseneogenesis blood glucose concentrations rise
39
Q

Glucose to pyruvate is called

A

Glycolysis

exothermic

40
Q

Pyruvate to glucose is called

A

Gluconeogenesis

Endothermic

41
Q

The______ is the only organ that is equipped to make glucose from non-carbohydrate substrates

A

Liver

42
Q

What is Glycogenolysis

A

Breakdown of glycogen stored in the liver

43
Q

What is Gluconeogenesis

A

Synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources

example glycerol in amino acids

44
Q

When liver glycogen is normal that uses glycogenesis to maintain blood glucose level until it empties then uses __________

A

Gluconeogenesis

45
Q

What is the significance of gluconeogenesis

A

Gluconeogenesis serves a means by which glucose can be made available to the brain when liver glycogen stores/blood glucose are low

46
Q

Cells of the CNS need glucose to synthesize

A

ATP

47
Q

Period of no food, low carbohydrates, high-protein causes a __________in blood glucose this is not adequate amount of blood glucose support so function

A

decrease

48
Q

In the long term energy system what are the substrates

A

Blood glucose
triglycerides
glycogen (muscle and liver )
protein

Physiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions