CH 7 Endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine glands

A

hypothalmus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads

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2
Q

pancreas

A

sugar in the blood

-produces insulin and glucagon

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3
Q

adrenal, thyroid, parathyroid

A

keep the balance of minerals (calcium and sodium)

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4
Q

adrenal

A

adrenaline : fight or flight response

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5
Q

thyroid

A

metabolism

& calcium in the blood

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6
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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7
Q

adren/o

adrenal/o

A

adrenal glnd

“on the kidney”

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8
Q

cortic/o

A

outer surface (of any organ)

Latin: “bark”/ “husk”

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9
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

pan (all) + kreas (flesh)

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10
Q

pituitar/o

hypophys/o

A

pituitary gland

hyperpituitarism
hypophysitis

Latin: “mucus”
Greek: hypo (under) + physis ( growth)

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11
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

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12
Q

thyr/o

thyroid/o

A

thyroid

Greek: “shield”

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13
Q

gluc/o
glucos/o
glyc/o

A

sugar

glucose- indicator of brain functions

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14
Q

crin/o

A

to secrete

endocrine (into the bloodstream)
exocrine

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15
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

A

stimulates outer part of the adrenal gland

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16
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

overactive thyroid

  • fast metabolism
  • weight loss, hunger, diarrhea, nervousness
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17
Q

hypothyroidism

A

everything slows down

-weight gain, decreased energy, constipation

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18
Q

calcitonin

A

uptake of calcium in the blood to the bone

-prevents high levels

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19
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

keeps the level of calcium in the blood from getting too low

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20
Q

corticosteroids

A

mineral balance

mineralocoritcoids
glucocorticoids

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21
Q

hormon/o

A

hormone

Greek: “to rush” / “to push”

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22
Q

ket/o

A

ketone body
-substance that increases the blood as a result of carbohydrate metabolism

ketosis
ketogenic

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23
Q

-tropin

A

stimulating hormone

“to turn”

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24
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

glycemia
calcemia

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25
-uria
urine condition polyuria
26
adrenal virilism
development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secretin of the adrenal gland
27
hirsutism
excessive growth of facial and body hair in women | Latin: " shaggy "
28
menarche
beg of first menstruation
29
thelarche
beg of breast development thel (breast) + arche (beginning)
30
polydipsia
excessive thirst poly (excessive) + dips (thirst) + ia (condition)
31
goiter
swollen thyroid gland Latin : "throat"
32
thyrocele
another name for goiter thyro (thyroid) + cele ( tumor)
33
acidemia
abnormal acidity of the blood -emia (blood condition)
34
alkalemia
abnormal alkalinity of the blood
35
calciuria
calcium in the urine
36
chloremia
increased chloride in the blood
37
euglycemia
good blood sugar
38
glucosuria
sugar in the urine
39
hypercalcemia
excessive calcium in the blood
40
hypercholesterolemia
excessive chloesterol in the blood
41
hyperkalemia
excessive potassium in the blood
42
hyperlipidemia
excessive fat in the blood
43
hypernatemia
excessive sodium in the blood
44
uremia
presence of urinary waste in the blood
45
insulin
hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats -Islet of Langerhans
46
cholangiopancreatography
procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas) + graphy (writing procedure)
47
dymetabolic syndrome
combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism dys (bad) + metabolic syn (metabolism together) + drome (running)
48
adrenocorticohyperplasia
overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland adreno (adrenal) + cortico (cortex) + hyper (over) + plasia(formation)
49
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdevelopled, resulting in a deficency of certain hormones and an overproduction of others con (with) + genit ( birth) + al (pertaining to) + hyper (over) + plasia (growth)
50
diabetes mellitus
metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia
51
diabetic ketoacidiosis
acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar
52
pancreatic psudocyst
abnormal expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst pancreat (pancreas) + ic (pertaining to) + pseudo (false) + cyst
53
panhypopituitarism
defective or absent function of the entire pituitary
54
pituitary infarction
death of the pituitary gland infarction : blocked vessel
55
thyrotoxicosis
condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of the thyroid hormone
56
laproscopic adrenalectomy
removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparascope laparo (abdomen) + scop (looking) + ic (pertaining to)
57
CGM
continuous glucose monitor
58
DI
diabetes insipidus
59
DM
diabetes mellitus
60
ETCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
61
FBS
fasting blood sugar
62
GTT
glucose tolerance test
63
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
64
TFT
thyroid replacement therapy