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random mammography > Ch. 7 Breast Imaging DM, US, And MRI > Flashcards

Ch. 7 Breast Imaging DM, US, And MRI Flashcards

1
Q

Is a measure of the percentage of energy that strikes a receptor material that is actually absorbed by the receptor

A

Absorption efficiency

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2
Q

Analog to digital converter (ADC)

A

Converts analog signal from the image receptor/detector to a digital signal for the computer to manipulate for processing, display, and storage

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3
Q

Are a group of eight bits, where a bit represents the smallest unit of measure of computer storage

A

Bytes

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4
Q

Scans the image receptor(IR) with a laser beam to initiate the emission of light

A

Computer Reader (CR)

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5
Q

Refers to the opposite from the side being examined

A

Contralateral

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6
Q

The percentage of energy absorbed by a receptor that is converted to usable output

A

Conversion efficiency

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7
Q

How does a cyst appear on an ultrasound image?

A

No internal echoes, circumscribed, smooth borders, have acoustic enhancement posterior to the lesion

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8
Q

On ultrasound, means a structure is filled with fluid when this happens..

A

Echo free

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9
Q

Is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the development of skin lesions, multiple benign hamartomas, and neoplastic grow throughout the body

A

Condensed syndrome

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10
Q

Is the product of absorption and conversion efficiency. It is the percentage of energy that strikes a receptor in results and useful output signal

A

Detective quantum efficiency (DQE)

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11
Q

What does DICOM stand for?

A

Digital imaging and communications in medicine

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12
Q

Converts digitally manipulated data back to an analog signal to be sent to the display monitor

A

Digital to analog converter (DAC)

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13
Q

Are vacuum tubes with two electrodes: a cathode and anode

A

Diodes

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14
Q

In digital imaging is Determined by the “window” and “level” of the displayed region of the breast

A

Display contrast

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15
Q

The range of intensities that are displayed

A

Window

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16
Q

Is the range of values over which is system can respond and is known as the grayscale range

A

Display contrast

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17
Q

Refers to the number of shades of gray that can be represented in each pixel and represents the receptors ability to respond to different exposure levels

A

Dynamic range

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18
Q

Is the range of underexposure or overexposure that can occur in producing an acceptable image

A

Exposure latitude

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19
Q

Also called the storage phosphor screen or photo stimulable storage phosphor. Is the device that receives the energy of the x-ray beam and forms the image of the body parts in digital mammography(DM) and computed mammography(CM)

A

Image receptor (IR)

20
Q

Refers to the same side as the side being examined

A

Ipsilateral

21
Q

Refers to the layout of cells in rows and columns. Each cell corresponds to a specific location in image

A

Matrix

22
Q

Is the ability of the detector system to transfer it spatial resolution characteristics to the image of the available special frequencies to produce an image that is exactly like the object

A

Modulation transfer function (MTF)

23
Q

Is the random background information that is detected but does not contribute to the image quality

A

Noise

24
Q

Is essentially a networking system in which images acquired from different modalities and multiple locations can be reviewed at one Location or shared and archived

A

PACS

25
Q

Refers to the apparent displacement of an observed object when it is imaged from two or more different points

A

Parallax

26
Q

Is the material that, when irradiated, produces free electrons.

A

Photoconductor

27
Q

Is the release of stored energy within the phosphor or photostimuable plate by stimulation with visible light

A

Photostimulated luminescence (PSL)

28
Q

Is the smallest component part of an image

A

Pixel

29
Q

The process by which certain materials omit a flash of light in response to the absorption of ionization radiation

A

Scintillation

30
Q

Are inorganic crystals that respond to ionization radiation by scintillation

A

Scintillation phosphors

31
Q

Measures the ability to respond to or register small changes or differences

A

Sensitivity

32
Q

Is a comparison of the strength of the information in the digital image to the strength of the noise in the image

A

Signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR)

33
Q

Is measured in line pairs per centimeter or line pairs per millimeter

A

Spatial frequency

34
Q

What size objects does high spatial frequency have the ability to image?

A

Very small

35
Q

The ability to distinguish & separate between two adjacent structures in the image

A

Spatial resolution

36
Q

Is the quality of being precise rather than general

A

Specificity

37
Q

Is the process whereby the technologist post process is the image, allowing only a “window” of the entire dynamic range to be viewed on a computer monitor

A

Windowing

38
Q

Controls the brightness display

A

Window level

39
Q

Control the brightness difference displayed, or contrast

A

Window width

40
Q

Means without internal echoes. Is sonolucent

A

Anechoic

41
Q

Is the development of many carcinoma’s throughout the body

A

Carcinosis or Carcinomatosis

42
Q

Is used in ultrasound to describe the structure that is combined cystic & solid

A

Complex

43
Q

in ultrasound means having more echoes then surrounding organs or brighter echoes than other

A

Echogenic or hyperechoic

44
Q

Means uniform in composition

A

Homogenous

45
Q

Refers to the north and south poles of a magnetic field

A

Dipole

random mammography (9 decks)

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