Ch. 10 Treatment Options

Question 1

Is the process of forming blood vessels and is a common property of a malignant tumor

Answer 1

Angiogenesis

Question 2

Are agents that produce a reaction from the immune system that can lead to destruction of both the antigen and anything the antigen is attached to

Answer 2

Antigen

Question 3

Is a surgical Operation to remove lymph nodes from the axilla, generally as a check for breast cancer spread

Answer 3

Axillary node dissection

Question 4

Provides internal beam radiation, which limits radiation treatment to the site of the cancer

Answer 4

Brachytherapy

Question 5

Refers to scar tissue formation around an implant that tightens and squeezes the implant

Answer 5

Capsular contracture

Question 6

Is a technique used for breast reconstruction with a tissue has moved entirely for one area of the body to another in the blood and nerve supplies are reattached under micro surgery

Answer 6

Free flap procedure

Question 7

Can show on a mammogram as mixed tissue composition, oval, or circular lesions

Answer 7

Hematoma or microhematoma

Question 8

Is a protein, which function as a receptor on breast cells. The protein receptors control of other breast cells divide and repair themselves. It can be over expressed in some women, resulting in a more aggressive form of breast cancer

Answer 8

HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)

Question 9

Is the process of using two and three dimensional imaging during the course of radiation treatment. The imaging is used to direct, focus, and control the radiation therapy

Answer 9

Image guided radiation therapy(IGRT)

Question 10

Uses a computer controlled precision tool to delineate the three dimensional volume of a tumor and use a multi leaf radiation beam to shape and focus the radiation only on the tumor during radiation treatment, thus sparring normal adjoining tissue and delivering an increased dose of radiation to the tumor

Answer 10

Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)

Question 11

Is the removal of muscle, fat, and skin from the upper back; the flap is tunneled under the skin to create a breast mound and therefore a new breast

Answer 11

Latissimus dorsi flap

Question 12

Is the swelling of the arm or numbness in the arm and skin that can be caused by the removal of lymph nodes.

Answer 12

Lymphedema

Question 13

Is a cancer of the lymphatic cells. The cancer cells often originate in the lymph nodes and present as solid tumors

Answer 13

Lymphoma

Question 14

Describe cancers located within multiple ducts of the breast

Answer 14

Multicentric tumors

Question 15

Describe cancer, located at multiple sites within a single duct system

Answer 15

Multifocal tumors

Question 16

Describes the reconstructive surgery when it is performed at the same time as the mastectomy

Answer 16

One stage reconstruction
Or
immediate breast reconstruction

Question 17

Is done to remove body tissue that is not malignant but at risk for future malignancy

Answer 17

Preventive or prophylactic surgery

Question 18

Is a drug with properties similar to tamoxifen. It was originally marketed to treat osteoporosis but has now been approved to treat invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women

Answer 18

Raloxifene

Question 19

Is performed by a plastic surgeon to restore the appearance of the breast after mastectomy

Answer 19

Reconstructive or breast implant surgery

Question 20

is an external silicone shell filled with saline solution used to create a new breast implant

Answer 20

Saline filled implant

Question 21

Is a more conservative process than axillary node dissection. It involves the removal of only a few lymph nodes, including the sentinel node.

Answer 21

Sentinel lymph node biopsy

Question 22

Describes the clear fluid trapped in the site after surgery

Answer 22

Seroma

Question 23

Is the process of determining how widespread the cancer is and whether it has spread to the lymph nodes in the axilla or to other parts of the body

Answer 23

Staging

Question 24

Uses tissue from the lower abdomen to reconstruct a breast mound

Answer 24

Transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap