CH. 68 Pt with a blood disorder Flashcards
What is the primary organ important for blood clotting?
Liver
What is the composition of normal blood?
55% plasma fluid
45% formed elements
Elements are:
Erythrocytes RBC 44%
Leukocytes WBC 1%
These disorders result from either congenital deficiencies or clotting factors. Hereditary deficiencies have been identified for each of the coagulation factors
hemophilias
What are the oral findings that may be a sign of a blood disorder?
- gingival bleeding
- Brusing easy
- Numerous petechiae
- Pallor of mucous membranes
- atrophy of papillae of tongue
- Sore/painful tongue
- acute/chronic infections (Candidasis)
- Severe ulcerations
- Exaggerated gingival response to local irritants (ANuG)
A discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising
ecchymosis
1/4 size of RBC and active in the blood clotting mechanism
Platelet
What are the two types of hemophilias?
- Hemophilia A (Classic)
- Hemophilia B (Christmas disease)
What gases make up plasma?
Dissolved oxygen
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
What is the Von Willerbrand Disease?
Prolonged bleeding in presence of a normal platelet count
What is the composition of plasma?
90% Water
10% Plasma proteins, inorganic salts, gases, and substances being transported
This type of anemia is primarily in pts over age 60, treatment with B12 injections
Pernicious anemia
What plasma proteins make up the blood?
- Albumin
- Gamma globulins
- Beta globulins
- Fibrinogen
What blood test measures how long it takes blood to clot?
prothrombin time
what substances are transported with plasma?
- Hormones
- Nutrients
- Water products
- Enzymes
What inorganic salts make up plasma?
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Calcium
- Bicarbonate
- Chloride
White blood cells are divided Into what groups?
- Granulocytes
- Agranulocytes
What is the normal value of WBCs?
5,000-10,000 per mm3
What percentage of blood is WBC and RBC?
WBC 1%
RBC 44%
Signs and Symptoms of Iron deficiency anemia?
- Pallor mucosa/weakness
- Atrophc glossitis with loss of filiform papillae
- Glossodynia (burning tongue)
- Angular cheilitis
Glossodynia is?
burning tongue
What is the treatment for Iron deficiency anemia?
- oral ferrous iron tablets w/ vitamin C to help absorbed them
- Folic acid for folate deficiency
- Nutritional; green legs, high in protein
Pernicious Anemia oral findings (signs and symptoms)
- Glossitis
- Sensitivity to hot or spicy foods
- Gingiva and mucosa; pale, atrophic (similar to Vitamin B deficiency)
Pernicious Anemia is also associated with what deficiency?
Folate deficiency anemia
Radiographic findings of sickle cell?
- Osteoporotic changes
- Coarse trabecular pattern appearing as horizontal rows between teeth “step ladder” with larger marrow space
Occurs primarily in African Americans population and white population of Mediterranean origin?
Sickle Cell Disease
