Ch. 67 The Patient with Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards
A microbial infection of the heart valves or endocardium with a high morality rate?
Infective Endocarditis (IE)
Which microorganisms are responsible for IE most of the time?
Strep (most prevalent) and Staph
What are risk factors for IE?
- Preexisting cardiac abnormalities
- Prosthetic heart valves
- Prosthetic valve replacement
- Previous endocarditis
- IV drug abuse
Two classifications of Cardiovascular dieases?
- Anatomic
- Etiologic
Congenital anomalies, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, infectious agents, and immunological mechanisms are what classification?
Etiologic
Diseases of the heart; pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, heart valves. Diseases of the blood vessels and peripheral circulation are what classification?
Anatomic
When does rheumatic fever occur?
usually 2-3 weeks after a beta hemolytic group of strep
In this type of hypertension, usually both systolic and diastolic blood pressures are elevated?
Secondary
This type of hypertension is life threatening that comes on suddenly with diastolic reading above 130?
Malignant hypertension
An electronic stimulator used to send a specified electrical current to the heart to control or maintain a minimum heart rate?
Cardiac pacemaker
Known as the silent killer?
Hypertension
Which hypertension is underlying to medical conditions?
Secondary (10% of people)
What are risk factors for Primary hypertension?
- Tobacco use
- Heredity
- Overweight
- Race
- Salt
- Sex
- Age
- Environment/Stress
Risk Factors for Secondary hypertension?
- Oral contraceptives
- Renal disease
- Endocrine disorders
- Medications (steroids)
A sudden drop in BP is usually associated with?
- Emergency
- Severe blood loss
- shock
- myocardial infarction
- Sepsis
- Other medical problems
A deficiency of blood to supply oxygen resulting in either functional constriction or actual obstruction of blood vessel is?
Ischemia Heart Disease
T/F Low-grade chronic inflammation in other parts of the body, including chronic periodontitis, has been shown to have a relationship to adverse cardiovascular outcomes
True
The most common artery associated with MI is the?
Anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery
Which angina is brought on by exertion, exercise, emotion or a heavy meal?
Stable
Which angina occurs without exertion or other precipitating factors?
Unstable
The most extreme symptom of ischemic heart disease?
Myocardial Infarction
An inflammatory disease of medium and large arteries in which deposits thicken the layer of the blood vessel is?
Artherosclerosis
