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Biology > Ch 6 Test > Flashcards

Ch 6 Test Flashcards

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0
Q

What are three characteristics of water that make it important to the chemistry of living things?

A

Transports things within living things
Polar
Resists temperature changes

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1
Q

What is the difference between a covalent and an ionic bond?

A

Covalent: share electrons
Ionic: gain or lose electrons

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2
Q

What are proteins made from?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur -CHONS

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3
Q

What is the function of proteins in the cell/body?

A

Contracting muscles/tissues
Transports oxygen in blood
Provides immunity, enzymes

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4
Q

What are carbohydrates made from?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen -CHO

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5
Q

What is the function of carbohydrates in the cell/body?

A

Source of energy for cells

Provide structure for plants

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6
Q

What are lipids made from?

A

Fats, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen -CHO

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7
Q

What is the function of lipids?

A

Store energy for later use
Insulate, cushion
Cell membranes

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8
Q

What are nucleic acid made from?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus -CHONP

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9
Q

What is the function of nucleic acid?

A

Provides the instructions for running the cell and making proteins

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10
Q

Why is the polar property of water important?

A

Can dissolve any ionic compound
Move in small areas
Attract other polar water molecules

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11
Q

Explain the function of enzymes and why we need so many different kinds.

A

Found in any living thing
Change the rate of chemical reactions
Involved in almost all metabolic processes
Store and release energy

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12
Q

When is a mixture not a solution?

A

When you see individual things

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13
Q

Is the compound NaCl ionic, covalent, both, or neither?

A

Ionic

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14
Q

Ionic, covalent, both or neither: increases the stability of atoms

A

Both

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15
Q

Ionic, covalent, both, or neither: results in the formation of a molecule

A

Covalent

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16
Q

Ionic, covalent, both or neither: is formed when atoms share electrons

A

Covalent

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17
Q

Ionic, covalent, both, or neither: results when a compound changes state (ex: evaporating or melting)

A

Neither

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18
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

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19
Q

When materials pass into and out of a cell at equal rates, there is no net change in concentration inside the cell. The cell is in a state of:

A

Dynamic equilibrium

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20
Q

A substance that can be broken down by a chemical reaction

A

Compound

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21
Q

Name a few jobs that enzymes perform for us.

A

Store and release energy
Help with digestion of food
Facilitate chemical reactions

22
Q

Cotton fibers

A

Carbohydrates

23
Q

Lactose

A

Carbohydrates

24
Q

Honey

A

Carbohydrates

25
Q

Silk

A

Carbohydrates

26
Q

Blubber

A

Lipid

27
Q

Butter

A

Lipid

28
Q

Olive oil

A

Lipid

29
Q

Soap

A

Lipid

30
Q

The molecule that directs your cells to make brown eye pigment

A

Nucleic acid

31
Q

Substance used to get a genetic profile of a subject in forensics

A

Nucleic acid

32
Q

Ribose

A

Nucleic acid

33
Q

Gates in cells

A

Proteins

34
Q

Surface molecules on blood cells

A

Protein

35
Q

Insulin

A

Protein

36
Q

Lipase

A

Protein

37
Q

Muscle fiber

A

Protein

38
Q

Keratin

A

Protein

39
Q

Collagen

A

Protein

40
Q

Melittin

A

Protein

41
Q

What are monosaccharides?

A

The simplest/single sugars

42
Q

A very large molecule, such as a polymer or protein, consisting of many smaller structural units linked together

A

Macromolecule

43
Q

Made up of a small number of elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur

A

Biological macromolecule

44
Q

When atoms in a covalent bond do not share electrons equally

A

Polar molecules

45
Q

Attraction of opposite charges between hydrogen and oxygen (this is what holds proteins together)

A

Hydrogen bond

46
Q

Continuous movements of molecules but no more concentration change

A

Dynamic equilibrium

47
Q

Any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water and has a ph below 7

A

Acid

48
Q

Any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water and has a ph above 7

A

Base

49
Q

Measure of how acidic or basic a solution is from a scale of 0-14

A

Ph

50
Q

Compounds with the same simple formula but different 3-D structures resulting in different physical and chemical properties

A

Isomer

51
Q

Subunits of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, and phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

A

Nucleotide

52
Q

Covalent bond formed between amino acids

A

Peptide bond

53
Q

Large molecules formed when many smaller molecules bond together

A

Polymer

Biology (12 decks)

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