Ch 3 Test Flashcards
Any abiotic or biotic factors that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms
Limiting factors
A stable, mature community that undergoes little or no change in species
Climax community
The colonization of new sites by communities of organisms
Primary succession
The sequence of community changes that takes place after a community is disrupted by natural disaster or human actions
Secondary succession
Orderly, natural changes and species replacements that take place in the communities of an ecosystem
Succession
Deep water that never receives sun
Aphotic zone
A large group of ecosystems that share the same type of climax community
Biome
Driest biome, sparse to nonexistent plant life, usually gets less than 25cm of precipitation annually
Desert
Coastal body of water, partially surrounded by land, in which freshwater and saltwater mix
Estuary
Contain fewer than 10 trees per acre, occupies the largest area of any biome, receives 25-75cm of rainfall with a variety of grasses and other small plants
Grasslands
The portion of the shoreline that lies between the high and low tides lines
Intertidal zone
Permanently frozen ground
Permafrost
Shallow enough for sunlight to penetrate; ex: coastlines, rocky shores, sandy beaches
Photic zone
Small organisms that live in the waters of the photic zone; they can be autotrophs or heterotrophs
Plankton
Land of larch, fir, hemlock and spruce trees; next to the tundra and shares many of the same characteristics; soil is poor in minerals
Taiga
Dominated by broad-leaved hardwood trees that lose their foliage annually
Temperate forests
Warm temperatures, wet weather, lush plant growth
Tropical rain forests
Treeless land with long summer days and short periods of winter sunlight
Tundra
T or F
The interactions of abiotic factors result in conditions that are suitable for some organisms but not for others.
True
T or f
Food availability and temperature can be -biotic factors- for a particular organism.
False, limiting factors
A limiting factor is any biotic or abiotic factor that -promotes- the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms.
False,restricts
Sequence of community changes where soil is formed, allowing small, weedy plants to inhabit the area
Primary succession
Sequence of community changes occurring as a result of a natural disaster, such as a forest fire
Secondary succession
A stable, mature community with little or no succession occurring
Climax community
An example of a biotic limiting factor affection a community of organisms
Amount of plant growth
An example of an abiotic limiting factor affecting a community or organisms
A severe drought
A large group of ecosystems sharing the same type of _____________ is called a __________.
Climax community, biome
Biomes located in bodies of _________, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, are called __________.
Water, aquatic
The water in marine biomes is________.
Salt water
Oceans contain the largest amount of ________, or living material, of any biome on earth. Yet, most of the organisms are so _______ that they cannot be seen without magnification.
Biomass, small
The _________ is that part of marine biomes shallow enough to be penetrated by sunlight.
Photic zone
Deep water regions of marine biomes receiving no sunlight make up the ____________.
Aphotic zone
If you followed the course of a river, it would eventually flow into
An ocean or a sea
The body of water where fresh water from a river mixes with salt water is called
An estuary
Organisms living in intertidal zones have structured that protect them from
Wave action
Life is abundant in photic zones because
There are many nutrients
The greatest number of organisms living in the photic zone if a marine biome are
Plankton
Few organisms live at the bottom of a deep lake because of the lack of
Sunlight
Which two abiotic factors generally determine the type of climax community that will develop in a particular part of the world?
Temperature, precipitation
