Ch. 6 – Loire Flashcards

Question

Rose de Loire AOC

Answer 1

Dry rose from range of varieties - Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay, Grolleau Noir Max yields are fairly high

Answer 2

Medium dry rose mainly made of Grolleau (sometimes Cabernets, Cot, Gamay) Max yields are high Best-selling of the Loire rose categories

Answer 3

Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon Max yields are high Medium dry and deeper in color

Answer 4

Saumur AOC - Coteaux Saumur AOC (sweet wines) Saumur Champigny AOC

Answer 5

Whites from Chenin Blanc Red and Rose from Cab Franc and Cab Sauv Sparkling Relatively high max yields

Answer 6

Sweet wines from overripe Chenin Blanc (with or without botrytis) max yield 35 hl/ha

Answer 7

Reds from Cab Franc (at least 85%) Pale ruby, med+ intensity, med alcohol and tannin, high acidity Chalk, flint, clay soils - good drainage and water holding capacity Max yields are fairly high Intended to be drunk young; focus on primary fruit Cave Robert et Marcel

Answer 8

Touraine AOC - Touraine AOC (+ 6 sub-zones e.g. Amboise) Vouvray AOC Montlouis-sur-Loire AOC Bourgueil AOC - St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOC Chinon AOC

Answer 9

White - Sauvignon Blanc Red - Cabernet Franc and Cot (some Gamay) Rose - Range of varieties Name of the variety may be attached (e.g. Touraine AOC Gamay) Possibility to add name of 6 sub-zones (e.g. Touraine AOC Amboise) Touraine AOC Amboise Blanc - Chenin Blanc (not SB) - lower max yields

Answer 10

At least 95% Chenin (usually 100%) Max yield 52 hl/ha Best vineyards on slopes - good sunlight reception, river as moderating influence Flinty limestone, promoting good drainage Dry Vouvray is made in every vintage, demi-sec in most years, sweet is rarer - unless stated on the label, hard to say if it is dry

Answer 11

100% Chenin Blanc Across the river from Vouvray - Same max yields Significant number of organic and biodynamic producers

Answer 12

Specializes in reds from Cab Franc Max yields are moderate, but actual yields often lower - high quality Sub-appellation St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOC - generally lighter style, similar to Saumur-Champigny AOC

Answer 13

Best known and regarded for red wines (white from Chenin and rose also allowed) Max yields are moderate, but actual yields often lower - high quality Light fruity (short maceration 6-8 days) to more structured and powerful wines (prolonged maceration 2-3 weeks) - some can age for 20yrs or longer Most concentrated wines come from clay and limestone soil, while lighter styles come from sandy or gravelly soil

Answer 14

Anjou-Saumur produces twice as much as Touraine Anjou-Saumur is mostly rose; Touraine makes more red and white 20% is exported

Answer 15

Continental with cold winters and warm summers Spring frost and hail are frequent problem Low light intensity, low heat, long growing season day lengths - restrained flavours High rainfall - reduces drought but raises fungal disease pressure

Answer 16

Sauvignon Blanc 70% Pinot Noir 20%

Answer 17

Late budding, early ripening (suitable for cool climates) Vigorous - Best on poor soils - Canopy has to be managed to avoid shading Prone to powdery mildew, botrytis bunch rot and trunk diseases (Esca, eutypa dieback) Pronounced intensity of grass, bell pepper, asparagus, gooseberry, grapefruit, wet stone (cool areas) riper, passion fruit (warmer areas) Medium body, high acidity Row orientation and canopy management can influence flavour profile of the fruit. Picking date is also important.

Answer 18

Fermentation temperature for whites are slightly higher than in the New World, for more restrained expression (avoiding super fruity aroma) Malo is often blocked Higher quality wines may be aged in old oak to fill body (typically without new oak) Francois Cotat uses old oak and lees stirring Henri Bourgeois has heavily-oaked wine in his range

Answer 19

Sancerre AOC Pouilly-Fume AOC Reuilly AOC Quincy AOC Menetou-Salon AOC

Answer 20

White - Sauvignon Blanc only Red (+rose) Pinot Noir only Pinot Noir replanted after Phylloxera with Sauvignon B Steep hills (200-400m), river, nearby forests provide moderating influences against frost Max yields are high but Sauvignon Blanc is capable of producing good quality even at high yields (yields for Pinot have to be restrained for good quality) Typically medium intensity of grapefruit and gooseberry med alcohol and high acidity (rarely new oak) Producers: Francois Cotat

Answer 21

Caillottes - shallow soil over limestone - most aromatic - less potential for ageing Terre Blanches - limestone and marl as Chablis - slow ripening - some of most famous vineyards - most structured, requires long maturation - Côte des Monts Damnés Silex - flinty soils accumulating heat - early ripening - stony and smoky aromas - Les Romains

Answer 22

Sauvignon Blanc only same max yields as Sancerre Flatter land than Sancerre (more prone to frost) Same soils as Sancerre Little rounder, less aromatic than Sancerre

Answer 23

Same styles and max yields as Sancerre (Quincy is whites only) Vineyards on gentle slopes (more vulnerable to frost)

Answer 24

Bureau Interprofessionnel des Vins du Centre (BIVC)

Answer 25

Family owned business are important Negociants important as well (50% of wine by volume) Estates 40% Co-ops 10% Distinction between negociants and estates is getting blurrier. Some large negociants like Ackerman buying high-quality estates, and many smaller estates starting some negociant business as a means to diversify. Domestic sales: - specialist wine shops - hospitality - supermarkets 20% exported - UK and Germany, USA Sancerre is the most successful Number of organic/biodynamic producers Number of natural wine producers

Answer 26

Nicolas Joly Renaissances des appellations/ Return to terroir