Ch 6: Classification Flashcards
What is taxonomy
- membrane wall
- nucleus/ organelles
- reproductions
- morphology
What are possible reproductions
Binary fission, snapping division, budding
Energy/ carbon source
Absorb, photosynthesis, ingest
Morphology
Cocci, bacilli
3 domains of life
-eukarya
- archaea
- bacteria
Eukarya
- fungi
- animal/ plants
- protists, flagellas
Archaea
-halophiles
- thermophiles
Bacteria
-Cyanobacteria
- heterotrophic bacteria
Characteristic of archaea
- lack true peptidoglycon
- cell membrane lipids
- reproduce through binary fission
- don’t cause disease
(4 phyla)
Phyla of archaea
Extremophiles
- crenatchaeota
- eurkarchaeota
- nanoatchaeota
• methangens
- kor(y)archaeota
Characteristics of extremoohiles
- extreme conditions
- thermophiles : DNA/RNA die 45°C
-Halophiles: all Euryarchaeota, red orange pigments
Characteristics of methanogens
-Largest group of Archaea
-Convert CO2, H2, organic acids to methane
-Primary sources of methane
Characteristics of bacteria
-classified by bacteria wall as positive or negative
-P.Proteobacteria
- Cyanobacteria and chlorobi
- chemoheterotrophs
A. Proteobacteria
-nitrogen fixers
-Purple nonsulfur phototrophs
1 pathogenic’
Gammaproteobacteria
- purple sulfur
- intracelleular
- methane oxidizers
- branched, phototrophic
- largest group of Proteobacteria
Phototrophic bacteria
- autotrophic
- live in normal environments
- hot, acidic, anaerobic, high UV
Definition of aquifix
Represent earliest branch of bacteria
C. Deinococci
Outer membrane similar to G-, but stains G+
Mycoplasma
No cell walls
Listeria monocytogenes
Hypothermic- resistant
- infants and immunocomprised
Mycobacterium
- rod-shaped
- aerobic
- slow growth
Gram- negative Proteobacteria
- largest and most diverse group of bacteria- chemoheterotrophs
Alpha Proteobacteria
Nitrogen fixers
Characteristics of eukarya: Protozoa
- unicellular, no cell wall
- require most environments
-ASexual
Trichonymopha
Termite digestion
P. Parabasala
- trichonymopha
Lack mitochondria
P. Alveolates
- Cristae, chemoautotrophs
- cilliates and alveoli
- cercozoa, radiolaria, amoebozoa, euglenozoa, and diplomadida
Eukarya: parasites
-live, feed, develop on or in another organism
- medically, socially, economically important
- ingestion, vector borne, direct contact
P. Platyhelminths
- macroscopic, multicellular, eukaryotic worms
- C. Cestoda, C. Trematoda, c. Turbellaria, P. Nematoda
Arachnida
- 8- legged, 2 appendages, exoskeleton
- hard boiled ticks
C. Insecta
6-legged, 3 regions, head, thorax, abdomen
- fleas and crabs
Fungi characteristics
- eukaryotic and multicellular
- grow filaments called hyphae
- long and thread-like and connected
- spore dispersal
- asexual
- nonmotile
Absorbtive heterotrophs
Mycelia: fungi
- absorptive chemoheterotrophs
- saprophytic, haustoric
- mostly aerobic
Yeasts and molds
• yeasts: non filaments, unicelllular, asexual
• molds: filamentous hyphae, multicellular
Ascomycota (sac fungi)
•sexual: ascospores w/ in ascus
•Asexual: condidiospores
•zygomycota: glomeromycota
-sexual: zygospores through fusion 2 hypha
-asexual: sporangiospores
• basidiomycota: club/ fleshy fungi
-sexual: basisiospores
- asexual: condidiospores
•deuteromycota:
-asexual: variable
Asexual v sexual
Asexual: filamentous molds
Sexual: indistinguishable gametes
Fungi/ algae
- mutualistic
- phycobiont (algae/ Cyanobacteria)
- mycobiont fungus
Clostridium
C. Tetani- tetanus
C. Perfringens- gange green
C. Botulinum- botulism
C. Difficile- very contagious, rotting flesh
Veilonella spp.- biofilm formation in plaque
Acetobacter
- industrial
- nail polish
- acetone
Enterococcus
Pathogenic, multi drug resistance
C. Diphtheria
Attacks and inflames Lungs, throat, tonsils, and lymph nodes
Clostridium
Obligate anaerobes
-Die when oxygen is present
-Causes to tetanus
