Ch 6. Bones and Skeletal Tissues Flashcards
Made up of some variety of cartilage tissue modeled to fit its body location and function
Skeletal cartilage
The type of cartilage that supports with flexibility and resilience, contains fine collagen fibers, and is the most abundant of skeletal cartilages.
Hyaline cartilage
The type of cartilage that is more stretchy and can withstand repeated bending
Elastic cartilage
This type of cartilage is highly compressible with great tensile strength and consists of roughly parallel rows of chondrocytes alternating with thick collagen fibers. They occur in sites that are subjected to both pressure and stretch
Fibrocartilage
Cartilage-forming cells in the surrounding perichondrium secrete new matrix against the external face of the existing cartilage tissue
Appositional growth
The lacunae-bound chondrocytes divide and secrete new matrix, expanding the cartilage from within
Interstitial growth
Blood cell formation
Hematopoiesis
Forms the long axis of the body and includes the bones of the skull, vertebra column, and the rib cage
Axial skeleton
Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
A special type of short bone that form in a tendon (ex. Patella)
Sesamoid bones
Dense outer layer of bone that looks smooth and solid to the naked eye
Compact bone
Internal layer of bone that is not as solid as compact bone
Spongy bone
Honeycomb of small needle-like or flat pieces found in spongy bones
Trabeculae
Shaft of long bone
Diaphysis
The bone ends
Epiphyses
A white, double-layered membrane that covers the external surface of the entire bone except the joint surfaces
Periosteum
the way in which nerve fibers and blood vessels pass through the shaft to enter the marrow cavity
Nutrient foramen
Tufts of collagen fibers that extend from its fibrous layer into the bone matrix that secure the periosteum to the underlying bone
Sharpey’s fibers
A delicate connective tissue membrane that covers internal bone surfaces
Endosteum
Hematopoietic tissue that is typically found within the trabecular cavities of spongy bone of long bones and in the diploe of flat bones
Red marrow