Ch. 571 - Hypoparathyroidism

Question 1

Hypocalcemia is common in what age group

Answer 1

Between 12 and 72h of life, especially in premature, asphyxiated, and infants of mothers with DM

Question 2

Aplasia or hypoplasia of the parathyroid gland is often associated with what syndrome

Answer 2

DiGeorge/velocardiofacial syndrome

Question 3

T/F Neonatal hypocalcemia occurs in majority of patients with DiGeorge syndrome

Answer 3

T

Question 4

T/F Neonatal hypocalcemia in DiGeorge syndrome is transitory in the majority

Answer 4

T

Question 5

T/F Neonatal PTH secretion can be suppressed by maternal hyperparathyroidism

Answer 5

T

Question 6

T/F maternal hyperparathyroidism can cause transient hypocalcemia in the NB infant

Answer 6

T

Question 7

Tetany in the newborn of mothers with hyperparathyroidism usually develops within

Answer 7

3 weeks, but may be delayed by 1 month or more if the infant is breastfed

Question 8

T/F Thalassemia can produce hyperparathyroidism

Answer 8

T, by deposition of iron in the parathyroid glands

Question 9

T/F Wilson disease can produce hyperparathyroidism

Answer 9

T, by deposition of copper in the parathyroid glands

Question 10

Autoimmune hypoparathyroidism is often seen with what diseases

Answer 10

1) Addison disease 2) Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Question 11

Autoimmune hypoparathyroidism is strongly suggested by the finding of

Answer 11

Parathyroid antibodies

Question 12

Autoimmune hypoparathyroidism, Addison disease, Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Answer 12

Autoimmune polyglandular disease type I aka APCED (autoimmune polyendocrinopathy, candidiasis, and ectodermal dystrophy

Question 13

T/F In patients with long-standing hypocalcemia, teeth erupt late

Answer 13

T, and irregularly

Question 14

Eye disease that may come about due to long-standing hypocalcemia from hypoparathyroidism

Answer 14

Cataracts

Question 15

Calcium, phos, and mg level in hypoparathyroidism

Answer 15

Low Ca, elevated Phos, normal Mg

Question 16

Radiographic findings of the bones in hypoparathyroidism

Answer 16

Increased density limited to the metaphyses

Question 17

Radiographs or CT scans of the skull of patients with hypoaparathyroidism reveal

Answer 17

Calcifications of the basal ganglia

Question 18

Emergency treatment of neonatal tetany

Answer 18

IV injections of 5-10mL or 1-3mg/kg of 10% Ca gluconate at 0.3mL/min with heart rate monitoring, not to exceed 20mg/kg elemental Ca

Question 19

T/F 1,25-D (calcitriol) should be given in patients with hypoparathyroidism

Answer 19

T

Question 20

Hypoparathyroidism: T/F Foods rich in phosphorus should be reduced in the diet

Answer 20

T

Question 21

Deficiency of this mineral must be considered in patients with unexplained hypocalcemia

Answer 21

Magnesium

Question 22

Why hypomag should be considered in patients with hypocal

Answer 22

Hypomag 1) impairs release of PTH 2) induces resistance to the effects of PTH