Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nelson - Exam 7 (Endo) > Ch. 565 & 566 - Hypothyroidism and Thyroiditis > Flashcards

Ch. 565 & 566 - Hypothyroidism and Thyroiditis Flashcards

1
Q

T/F Most cases of congenital hypothy is NOT hereditary

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F Most cases of congenital hypothy results from thyroid dysgenesis

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cause of congenital hypothy in which goiter is almost always present

A

Dyshormonogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MC T4 synthetic defect

A

Thyroid peroxidase defects of organification and coupling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Seen in radioiodine test as marked discharge of thyroid radioactivity when perchlorate or thiocyanate is administered

A

Thyroid peroxidase defects of organification and coupling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F Congenital hypothy can result from fetal exposure to excessive iodides

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MCC of hypothy worldwide

A

Iodine deficiency or endemic goiter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F Most patients with congenital hypothy are asymptomatic at birth, EVEN IF there is complete agenesis of the thyroid gland

A

T, due to transplacental passage of moderate amounts of maternal T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

May be the earliest sign of congenital hypothyroidism

A

Prolongation of physiologic jaundice caused by delayed maturation of glucuronide conjugation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Affected infants cry little, sleep much, have poor appetites, and are generally sluggish

A

Congenital hypothy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Congenital hypothy T/F: Umbilical hernia is usually present

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Congenital hypothy T/F: Temperature is subnormal

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Congenital hypothy T/F: Edema of genital and extremities may be present

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Congenital hypothy: Type of anemia

A

Macrocytic, refractory to treatment with hematinics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Congenital hypothy T/F: Majority have associated congenital anomalies

A

F, 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MC congenital anomaly associated with congenital hypothy

A

Cardiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Congenital hypothy: Full clinical picture with physical and mental retardation is fully developed when

A

3-6 months of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Can serve as initial sign to the early recognition of congenital hypothy

A

Widely open anterior and posterior fontanels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hypotonic muscles but affected older children have an athletic appearance because of pseudohypertrophy, particularly of the calf muscles

A

Congenital hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

T/F Congenital hyperthyroidism is primarily a thyroid defect

A

T, TSH elevated >100mU/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Serum thyroglobulin level: Infants with thyroid agenesis

A

Low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Serum thyroglobulin level: Infants with ectopic thyroid glands (thyroid dysgenesis)

A

Elevated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Management for thyroid dysgenesis

A

Lifelong treatment with T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T/F Demonstration of ectopic thyroid tissue is diagnostic of thyroid dysgenesis

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How often are FT4 and TSH ideally monitored among patients with congenital hypothyroidism

A

Monthly for the 1st 6 mos, then every 2-3 months until 2 years old

26
Q

Risks of overtreatment with levothyroxine

A

1) Craniosynostosis 2) Temperament problems

27
Q

MCC of acquired hypothyroidism

A

Chronic lymphocytic thyroidits

28
Q

Cause of hypothy in Down syndrome

A

Development of antithyroid antibodies

29
Q

T/F Majority of children with Down Syndrome have overt or subclinical hypothy

A

F, 15-20%

30
Q

T/F Majority of girls with Turner syndrome develop hypothyroidism

A

F, 15-30%

31
Q

T/F Risk of subclinical or overt hypothy increases with age in patients with Turner Syndrome

A

T

32
Q

Cause of hypothy in patient’s with Turner syndrome

A

Development of antithyroid antibodies

33
Q

T/F Removal if ectopic thyroid tissue can cause hypothyroidism

A

T

34
Q

T/F Protracted ingestion of medications that contain iodides can cause hypothyroidism

A

T, usually accompanied bbyb goiter

35
Q

Medication containing 37% iodine by weight that causes hypothyroidism in about 20% of treated children

A

Amiodarone

36
Q

Usually the first clinical manifestation of acquired hypothy

A

Deceleration of growth

37
Q

Nontender, firm enlargement of the thyroid gland with a rubbery consistency and a pebbly surface

A

Goiter

38
Q

T/F Weight gain in acquired hypothyroidism is mostly due to fluid retention

A

T, called myxedema, not true obesity

39
Q

T/F School work and grades usually do not suffer in acquired hypothyroidism, even in severely hypothyroid children

A

T

40
Q

T/F Osseous maturation is often strikingly delayed in patients with acquired hypothyroidism

A

T, it is an indication of the duration of the hypothy

41
Q

T/F There is no indication for thyroid imaging in acquired hypothy

A

T

42
Q

Most accurate method to follow nodule size in acquired hypothy

A

UTZ

43
Q

Treatment of choice for acquired hypothy

A

Levothyroxine

44
Q

MCC of thyroid disease in children and adolescents

A

Lymphocytic thyroiditis

45
Q

MCC of acquired hypothyroidism, with or without goiter

A

Lymphocytic thyroiditis

46
Q

Accounts for majority of infiltrating cells in lymphocytic thyroiditis

A

T cells (60%

47
Q

MC clinical manifestations of thyroiditis

A

Goiter and growth retardation

48
Q

Cause most cases of non-goitrous (atrophic) hypothy

A

Thyroiditis

49
Q

Chromosomal disorders particularly associated with lymphocytic thyroiditis

A

Down syndrome and Turner syndrome

50
Q

T/F TFT in thyroiditis are OFTEN normal

A

T, TSH may be slightly or even moderately elevated in some

51
Q

Antibodies found in patients with lymphocytic thyroiditis

A

Antibody to TPO and thyroglobulin

52
Q

Definitive diagnosis of lymphocytic thyroiditis can be established by

A

Biopsy of the thyroid

53
Q

Biopsy of the thyroid is always indicated to establish a diagnosis of lymphocytic thyroiditis

A

F

54
Q

T/F Subclinical thyroiditis is an indication for replacement therapy with levothyroxine

A

T

55
Q

Characteristics of nodules that should be examined histologically using FNA

A

Prominent (ie >1cm) that persist despite suppressive therapy

56
Q

Why is FNA indicated in suspicious thyroid nodules

A

Thyroid CA or lymphoma has occurred in patients with lymphocytic thyroiditis

57
Q

Uncommon cause of thyroiditis usually preceded by a respiratory infection and affects the LEFT LOWER LOBE predominantly

A

Acute suppurative thyroiditis

58
Q

Typical infectious agent of Acute suppurative thyroiditis

A

Anaerobic organisms

59
Q

MCC of Acute suppurative thyroiditis

A

Viridans strep > S aureus > pneumococcus

60
Q

Hypothy associated with exquisite tenderness of the gland, swelling, erythema, dysphagia, and limitation of head motion

A

Acute suppurative thyroiditis

61
Q

Rare cause of hypothy in children and is thought to have a viral cause

A

Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (DeQuervain)

62
Q

T/F Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis remits spontaneously

A

T

Nelson - Exam 7 (Endo) (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions