Ch. 5.1 - Energy and the Cell Flashcards
1
Q
energy (2)
A
- capacity and change or perform work
- kinetic and potential
2
Q
kinetic energy
A
- energy of motion
- moving legs to move bike pedals
- heat is a form of kinetic energy associated with the movement of atoms/molecules
3
Q
light
A
energy from photons harvested by photosynthesis
4
Q
potential energy (2)
A
- energy that matter processes as a result of its location or structure
- a compressed spring, an archery bow pulled back, water behind a dam, bike on top of hill
5
Q
chemical energy (2)
A
- potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction
- most important energy for life
6
Q
system
A
what you’re studying (cells, a kettle with water, etc)
7
Q
surroundings
A
everything that exists outside of the system you’re studying (environment, kitchen, etc)
8
Q
thermodynamics (2)
A
- thermos=heat, dynamics=work
- study of energy transformations
9
Q
with every energy transformation
A
some of the useful energy is lost
10
Q
exergonic reaction (3)
A
- energy releasing, products have less energy than the reactants
- fire=exergonic - conversion of the glucose in wood (cellulose is a polymer of glucose) as heat and light - released very rapidly
- cells function in much the same way only they don’t covert the energy the energy in glucose all at once, but in much smaller steps - a slow burn
11
Q
endergonic reaction
A
energy requiring, products have more energy than the reactants
12
Q
law of energy conservation (3)
A
- energy in universe is constant
- energy can be transformed but cannot be created or destroyed
- during every energy transfer of energy, some becomes unavailable to do work, in most instances, being converted to heat
13
Q
entropy law (2)
A
- entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness
- the second law states that entropy of the universe constantly increases
14
Q
energy transformations (2)
A
- respiration=exergonic
- photosynthesis=endergonic
15
Q
energy coupling (2)
A
- use of energy from exergonic reactions to drive endergonic reactions
- ATP=energy currency
