Ch. 5 Vocab Flashcards
Study of the sound system of language
Phonology
Distinguishing one sound from the other
Speech perception
Concrete productions of specific sounds
Phonetics
Phonology vs. Phonetics
Study of the sound system of language
Concrete productions of speech
Class of speech sounds
Phonemes
Varied productions of an individual phoneme
Allophones
Combination of a vowel and a consonant
Syllables
Diphthong
A combo of vowels
Degree or type of constriction that consonants are classified by
Manner of articulation
Manner of articulation in 6 major categories of consonants:
Stops, fricatives, affricates, glides, liquids, nasals
Location of constriction that consonants are classified by
Place of articulation
Place of articulation with 7 categories are:
Bilabial sounds, labiodental sounds, linguadental sounds, lingua-alveolar sounds, linguapalatal sounds, linguavelar sounds, glottal sounds
Difficulty producing speech sounds without organic causes
Articulation disorder
Difficulty in brainwork that goes into organising the speech sounds into patterns of sound contrasts
Phonological disorder
Sound errors of omission:
Absence of a required sound in word position
Ex: ball ➡️ /bč/ “ba”
Sound errors of substitution:
Production of a wrong sound in place of a right one
Ex: rabbit ➡️ /wæbIt/ “wabbit”
Sound errors of distortion:
Imprecise sound production
Slight lisp
Sound errors of addition:
Adding a sound that does not belong to a word
Ex: song➡️/stčñ/ “stong”
A unique characteristic of a phoneme that distinguishes one phoneme from the other
Distinctive features
Simplifying difficult sound productions
Phonological process
Phonological processes:
Final consonant deletion, initial consonant deletion, cluster reduction, fronting, denasalization
Discriminates between the error of sound and the correct target sound
Auditory discrimination
Ankyloglossia
Severe “tongue tied”
A pattern of abnormal swallowing
Tongue thrust
Examination done to rule out gross organic problems in child’s facial and oral structures
Orofacial examination
In testing, clinician produces the child’s misarticulated sounds correctly and asks the child to imitate that production
Stimulability
