Ch 5 The Diversity of Life Flashcards
what is biodiversity
the great variety of life
what is classification
the system of grouping organisms together that share common characteristics
what are the five kingdoms
animals, plants, protists, bacteria, fungi
what is stimuli
all of the changes in an organisms environment
tell me about animals
- multicellular
- consumers
- invertebrates/vertebrates
what is the difference between invertebrates and vertebrates
an invertebrate has no backbone and a vertebrate does
tell me about plants
- multicellular
- producers
- ## carbon sinks
tell me about protists and give an example
- first organisms to evolve a nucleus
- mainly unicellular and live in colonies
- mainly live in water
- can be producers or consumers
e. g. Amoeba proteus
tell me about fungi
- can be unicellular or made up of long threads
- decomposes
- cause fungal diseases e.g. athletes foot
what are microorganisms
very small living things
where can bacteria be found
geysers, salty rock pools, everywhere
what is binary fission
binary fission is where one cell divides into two and then those cells divide and so on
what is culturing
growing bacteria in a lab
tell me about bacteria
- decomposes
- some can photosynthesis
- reproduce through binary fission
- unicellular
name five ways bacteria can be used
food, vitamins, antibiotics, biotechnology, natural gas
what are the negative effects of bacteria
food spoilage
livestock and crop diseases
human diseases
what is an antibiotic
a chemical produced by microorganisms that is used as a drug to treat certain diseases caused by bacteria and fungi
What are three causes of antibiotic resistance
- use of antibiotics to treat viral infections
- patients not completing full course of antibiotics
- use of antibiotics in agriculture
what can prevent antibiotic resistance
- not using antibiotics to treat viral infections
- finish full course of antibiotics
- regulation of antibiotics in farming
what is a virus
a virus is a protein coat surrounding genetic material
what is a parasite
an organism that lives off of other organisms
give examples of five viruses
chicken pox , cold, flu, ebola, corona
what is a pathogen
any organism that causes disease
what is a vaccine
a treatment that protects the body against disease
what is vaccination i
the process of providing vaccines on a large scale
tell me about edward jenner
he developed the worlds first vaccine. he realised that milkmaids who had cowpox couldn’t get smallpox so he infected people with the pus from cowpox patients and found that it stopped them from getting smallpox.
tell me about louis pasteur
he invented pasteurization f
what is pasteurization
a way to kill pathogens in substances to make them safe to consume
