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science > Ch 12 Chemical Reactions > Flashcards

Ch 12 Chemical Reactions Flashcards

1
Q

what are reactants

A

the chemicals that react together during a chemical reaction

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2
Q

what are products

A

the new substance that is formed from a chemical reaction

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3
Q

what is an exothermic reaction

A

a reaction that gives out heat. heat energy is given out by the reacting chemicals to the surroundings so that the temperature increases

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4
Q

what is an endothermic reaction

A

a reaction that takes in heat energy from the surroundings causing a decrease in temperature

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5
Q

give an example of an exothermic reaction

A

fireworks exploding

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6
Q

give an example of an endothermic reaction

A

sherbet on your tongue

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7
Q

what is an energy profile diagram

A

a diagram that shows energy transfers in chemical reactions.

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8
Q

what is the collision theory

A

before a chemical reaction happens the particles in the reactants must collide with each other

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9
Q

what is the activation energy

A

the minimum energy needed to start a reaction

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10
Q

what is the rate of reaction

A

describes how quickly a chemical reaction happens

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11
Q

what three ways can a chemical change be measured

A
  1. monitor the production of gas
  2. monitor the temperature changes during a reaction
  3. monitor the appearance of the reactants and the products during the reaction
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12
Q

what factors can influence the rate of a chemical reaction

A
  • temperature
  • concentration of the reactants
  • surface area of the reactants
  • adding a catalyst
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13
Q

what is surface area

A

a measure of how much of a substance is exposed

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14
Q

what is a catalyst

A

a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

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15
Q

what are three ways a gas can be collected

A
  1. used for gas that is heavier than air. the gas produced sinks to the bottom of the flask and air is pushed out the top as the flask is filled with gas
  2. used for gas that is lighter than air. the gas produced moves to the top of the flask and air is pushed out of the flask as it fills with gas
  3. used for gases that don’t dissolve in water. you will see when the jar is full of the new gas as there will be no water left in the jar
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16
Q

what is the word equation for chemical reaction to produce oxygen

A

hydrogen peroxide > water + oxygen gas

17
Q

what is a decomposition reaction

A

when a substance breaks down into simpler substances

18
Q

what is two of examples of a catalyst

A

manganese dioxide and catalase

19
Q

what is the test for oxygen

A

relighting a glowing splint

20
Q

what is the word equation for the production of carbon dioxide

A

hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate > calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

21
Q

what is the test for carbon dioxide

science (23 decks)

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