Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 1406L > Ch. 5 Membranes > Flashcards

Ch. 5 Membranes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Where are phospholipids located?

A

In the bilayer of the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s a fluid mosaic model?

A

a mosaic of proteins that float in/on the fluid lipid bilayer (like boats on a pond); created in 1972 by S. Johnathan Singer and Garth J. Nicholson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’re the 4 components of a cellular membrane?

A

1) Phospholipid bilayer
2) Transmembrane proteins
3) interior protein network
4) Cell-surface markers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is lipidomics?

A

the # and biological function of lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three classes of lipids?

A

1) glycerol phospholipids
2) Sterols
3) Sphingolipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Does an Ampipathic structure have hydrophobic, hydrophilic, or both regions?

A

Both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What’re the 7 functions of membrane proteins?

A

1) Transport
2) enzymes
3) cell surface receptors
4) cell surface markers
5) cell to cell adhesion
6) attachment to cytoskeleton
7) proteins that affect the membrane structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do anchoring molecules do?

A

Attach membrane proteins to the membrane surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What’s passive transport?

A

the net movement of molecules through the membrane; no energy required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What’s diffusion?

A

net movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What’s the major barrier for molecules that try to cross the biological membrane?

A

The interior is hydrophobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does facilitated diffusion do?

A

Assists molecules that can’t cross membranes easily by helping them move through proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are channel proteins hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

A

Hydrophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does an ion channel do?

A

Allow passage of ions through the non polar interior of the plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What makes gated channels open and close?

A

Stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What’s Osmosis?

A

net diffusion of water across a membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a hypertonic solution equal in terms of concentration?

A

Higher solute concentration; aka hyperosmotic; cells shrink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does hypotonic solution equal in terms of concentration?

A

lower solute concentration; hypoosmotic; cells blow up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does it mean if a solution is isotonic?

A

Both osmotic concentrations are equal; cells don’t change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do aquaporins do?

A

facilitate osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is osmotic pressure?

A

the force needed to stop osmotic flow

22
Q

What happens to water during extrusion?

A

it get ejected through contractile vacuoles

23
Q

How much of sodium is moved out and how much potassium moves in during the Sodium-Potassium pump?

A

3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in

24
Q

Does phagocytosis take in matter or fluid only?

A

matter only

25
Q

Does pinocytosis only take in fluid or matter?

A

fluid

26
Q

What’s endocytosis?

A

movement of substances into a cell

27
Q

What’s exocytosis?

A

movement of substances out of a cell

28
Q

Where are the integral membrane proteins embedded?

A

in the membrane

29
Q

Where are peripheral proteins located?

A

the surface of the membrane

30
Q

Out of the two, which is self recognized and which is tissue recognized?

Options are: Glycoproteins and glycolipids

A

1) Glycoproteins are “self”
2) Glycolipids are “tissue”

31
Q

What’s a transmembrane domain?

A

when every membrane spans a region and is composed of hydrophobic amino acids arranged in alpha helices

32
Q

What’s a B barrel?

A

a common feature of the porin class of proteins found w/in the outer membrane of some bacteria and are open on both ends; allow molecules to pass through the membrane

33
Q

What’s a reticulon?

A

a wedge-shaped transmembrane protein that causes the membrane to bend

34
Q

What’s passive transport?

A

when substances can freely move in and out of a cell w/o having to expend energy

35
Q

What’s a concentration gradient?

A

the difference in concentration inside and outside of something

36
Q

What’s diffusion?

A

a net movement go substances from regions of high concentration to low concentration

37
Q

What are the 3 conditions that determine net movement of ions?

A

1) relative concentration on both sides of the membrane
2) voltage difference btw channels and membrane
3) state of the gate (open v. closed)

38
Q

What’s membrane potential?

A

the voltage difference across the membrane

39
Q

What’s an aqueous solution?

A

when cytoplasm in a cell had ions and molecules mixed with water

40
Q

What’s a solute?

A

substances what’re dissolve in water (or other substances)

41
Q

What’s osmotic concentration?

A

concentration of all solutes in a solution

42
Q

If a solution has unequal concentrations, which one solute is hypertonic? Which one is hypotonic?

A

1) Hypertonic is one with higher concentration
2) hypotonic is one with lower concentration

43
Q

How do you stop an organism from being hypertonic? (3 answers)

A

1) extrusion
2) isometric regulation
3) turgor

44
Q

What’s active transport?

A

when cells use ATP to move substances up the concentration graident

45
Q

How many types of molecules do uniporters transport?

A

one

46
Q

How many types of molecules do symporters transport?

A

two

47
Q

Do antiporters transport two molecules in the same direction or opposite directions?

A

opposite

48
Q

What’s coupled transport?

A

the energy related as a molecule moves down the concentration gradient

49
Q

What’s counter transport?

A

when substances bind to the same transport protein but on opposite sides

50
Q

What’s receptor mediated endocytosis?

A

when molecules bind to specific receptors in plasma membrane and the cells carry them to their destination

51
Q

How do large molecules and other bulky material enter and exit a cell?

A

Enter via endocytosis and exit via exocytosis

Biology 1406L (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions