Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 1406L > Ch. 1 Science of Biology > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Science of Biology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

In comparative anatomy, structures that have the same evolutionary origin but differ in structure/function are…?

A

Homologous structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In a chemical reaction, what is the loss of an electron called?

A

Oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A molecule with the same molecular formula but different carbon skeleton structure is called a…?

A

Structural isomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the bond that forms between nucleotides?

A

phosphodiester bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What level of protein structure is the final folded shape made and gives it function?

A

Tertiary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define Biology

A

The study of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What defines simple definition?

A

Life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What’re the characteristics of all living organisms? (hint there’s 7)

A

1) Cellular organization
2)Ordered complexity
3) Sensitivity to the environment
4) Growth, development, and reproduction
5) Energy utilization
6) Homeostasis
7) Evolutionary Adaption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the hierarchy’s of living systems? (hint: there’s 5)

A

1) cellular level
2) organismal level
3) Population level
4) Ecosystem level
5) Biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define Tissues

A

group of similar cells that act as a functional unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define Organs

A

groups of similar tissues that act as a structural and functional unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define organ systems

A

Collection of organs that all work together to complete various functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does science aim to do?

A

Understand the natural world through observation and reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is science purely descriptive?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What’s deductive reasoning?

A

using general reasoning to make specific predictions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What’s inductive reasoning?

A

uses specific observations to develop general conclusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What’s the scientific method?

A

observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Can a hypothesis ever be true?

A

No, it can only be supported

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What’s a hypothesis?

A

possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What’s a prediction?

A

a statement about what you think an outcome of a specific experiment is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

If an experiment has inconsistent results, what happens to the hypothesis?

A

It gets thrown out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What’s an independent variable?

A

The one condition in the experiment that is tested/changes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What’s a dependent variable?

A

What you’re measuring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What’s a control variable?

A

The thing that is kept the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What’s a test group?

A

A group having the experiment done on them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What’s a control group?

A

The group you keep everything the same. They are what you compare to results.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is reductionism?

A

reduction of complex systems to simpler components

28
Q

What’s the fault in reductionism?

A

Breaking down into simpler parts don’t equal the overall function of something

29
Q

What does systems biology focus on? What does it use?

A

Focuses on emergent properties not understood by viewing simpler parts. Uses models

30
Q

What do models do?

A

Organize thought, show how parts fit together, suggest further experiments

31
Q

What’s scientific theory?

A

A body of interconnected concepts supported by many experimental evidence and scientific reasoning; expresses ideas of most certainty

32
Q

What’s the general public’s idea of theory?

A

A lack of knowledge/educated guess in which we know nothing

33
Q

What does basic research do? Where does it get conducted?

A

Intends to extend the boundaries of what we know and is conducted in labs at a uni or research facility

34
Q

What lays the foundation for applied research?

A

basic research

35
Q

What’s applied research? Where’s it conducted?

A

Gets utilized in the industry and may involve manufacture of goods

36
Q

What’s the theory of evolution?

A

All of today’s species have evolved from simple life forms that first started to develop over 3 billion years ago

37
Q

What did Darwin contribute to the theory of evolution?

A

Natural selection

38
Q

What’s oxidation?

A

Loss of electrons

39
Q

What’s reduction?

A

Gain of electrons

40
Q

What’s a cation?

A

A positively charged ion

41
Q

What’s an anion?

A

A negatively charged ion

42
Q

What’s cohesion?

A

water molecules stick to itself

43
Q

What’s adhesion?

A

Water sticks to other things

44
Q

What’s the basic unit of life?

A

Cells

45
Q

What’s a population?

A

All members of ONE species in a community

46
Q

What’s a species?

A

A group of similar organisms that can reproduce to give fertile offspring

47
Q

What’s a biological community?

A

all populations of different species living in one place together

48
Q

What are emergent properties?

A

a characteristic an entity gains when it becomes part of a bigger system

49
Q

What’s biodiversity?

A

variety of life within an ecosystem

50
Q

What’s science concerned with?

A

Developing an increasingly accurate understanding of our world using scientific reason and observation

51
Q

True or False?

All science in a constant state of change.

A

True

52
Q

Which scientist stated that population in plants and animals increased geometrically and humans food grew arthmetically?

A

Thomas Malthus

53
Q

What’s natural selection?

A

the theory that states that the organisms best adapted to their environment have a better chance of surviving and reproducing

54
Q

What’s artificial selection?

A

When humans cause intentional selection

55
Q

Who did experiments with pea plants to explain heredity?

A

Gregor Mendel

56
Q

What’s homologous?

A

things with bones w/ same evolutionary origin but now different in structure/function

57
Q

What’s analogous?

A

similar functioning bones but, different evolutionary origins

58
Q

What are the 5 core concepts in biology?

A

1) life is subject to chemical and physical laws
2) structure determines function
3) living systems transform energy and matter
4) living systems depend on information transactions
5) Evolution explains the unity and diversity of life

59
Q

What’s a genome?

A

The complete set of genes in a cell

60
Q

Why is DNA important to biological systems?

A

B/c it encodes the information for making a new individual

61
Q

What was the significance of Pasteur’s experiment?

A

To prove that cells can only arise from other cells

62
Q

Where are single celled organisms found?

A

Bacteria and archaea

63
Q

What’s an Archaea?

A

group of micro-organisms like bacteria

64
Q

What’s an atom?

A

smallest unit of matter and building blocks of matter

65
Q

What’s a molecule?

A

A group of atoms bonded together

66
Q

What’s an organelle?

A

Specialized subunits of the cell that have a particular function

67
Q

What are 4 examples of multicellular cells?

A

1) animals
2) plants
3) fungi
4) algae

Biology 1406L (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions