Ch 5 Ground Ladders Flashcards
To ensure that ladders are safe to use when needed, firefighters must follow the maintenance procedures recommended by the ladder manufacture, as prescribed and department SOP ‘s, and as specified in NFPA _____, standard on use, maintenance, and service testing of in-service fire department and ground waters
1932
The____length of a ladder is always shorter and it’s actual length because of the safe climbing and working angle
Effective
The ideal climbing angle for ground ladders is ____ degrees from horizontal
75
It is important for firefighters to develop a sense of how far from a building the butt or base of the ladder must be placed to create the ideal climbing angle,. The proper distance can be determined by dividing the used length of the ladder by___
4
The ladder selected must not only be long enough to reach the objective at a safe climbing angle, but must also extend___to___rungs above any parapet or roof eve
3,5
Any fire fighter fitness program should meet the requirements of the Applicable NFPA standards. The most relevant fitness related standards are NFPA___, standard on fire department occupational safety and health program and NFPA___, standard on health related fitness programs for fire department members
1500, 1583
When only four firefighters are available to raise a pool ladder, the operation must be performed_____to the building
Perpendicular
If a ladder is to be used for positioning a fire fighter to break a window for ventilation, it should be placed along side the window to the____side
Windward
If the window opening is wide enough to permit the water tip to project into it and still allow room beside it to facilitate entry and exit and rescue, the ladder can be placed so that it extends___for___rungs into the window opening
Two, three
In the absence of an aerial device, ground ladders are the primary means of gaining access to the roof of structures up to___in height
Four stories
While ladders can be used to construct a variety of water removal contrivances, they are most often used to construct___
Water chutes
When drafting water from a static sources such as a pond or lake, it is important to maintain___inches between the intake strainer in the bottom of the water source
24
If the gap between the buildings is not more than____it’s length, a single ladder can be laid on the roof of one building and the tip simply slid over to the other building
One-third
When five or six firefighters are available to raise a pole ladder, it may be performed either perpendicular or_______ to the building
Parallel
If a ladder is to be used for entry or rescue through a window, a ladder tip is usually placed on the ________ of the window _________
Midline, slightly below the sill
A ______ angle also increases the potential for the ladder spurs to slide away from the building when positioned on concrete or other hard surfaces
Lower climbing
At angles less than ____ degrees, the distance between personnel on the ladder should be increased
75
The _______ of a ladder in position is the vertical distance above the ground where the ladder contacts the building, not the full length of the ladder
Used length
The keys to safe and effective letter handling are _____, _______, and _______ both individually and as a team
Fitness, technique, practice
If a ladder is to be used for positioning a fire fighter to break a window for ventilation, it should be placed ___________
Alongside the window to the Windward side
________ are often the best means of reaching windows that must be opened or broken out to gain entry into the building or for rescue or horizontal ventilation
Ground ladders
In general, ladders are used to rescue victims who are located______
Above or below grade
Rescuing people trapped on floors _______ or in other elevated locations, are the most common situations in which ground ladders are used for rescue
Above the ground floor
______ uses of ladders are those that do not involve climbing up or down the ladder
Non-standard
Some _______ uses for fire service ground ladders include mechanical advantage systems, positioning intake strainers, water removal, and bridging
Non-standard
While there are other possible uses of ladders in mechanical advantage systems, the most common application is in _______ from points above grade
Lowering injured victims
If the gap between the buildings is not more than ______ it’s length, a single ladder can be laid on the roof of one building and they tip simply slid over to the other building
One third
In addition to providing a means for access, ladders can also serve as a means of ______ from a building involved in fire
Secondary egress
Fires and other emergencies are initially _______ and it is virtually impossible to anticipate and plan for every possible contingency in every incident
Uncontrolled situations
