Ch 5 Civil Rights Flashcards
Civil Rights
definition?
refers to the positive acts govs take to protect individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by govs or individuals
(gov is the protector)
Civil Rights Movement Groups (5)
African Americans Women Gays & Lesbians Disabled Secularists
Civil War Amendments
name them
13th
14th
15th
Civil War
fought over that the states could possibly ignore fed. gov. and do their own thing
North won & occupied the South
Civil War Amendments: 13th Amendment
abolished slavery
-freed slaves
Civil War Amendments: 14th Amendment
protect ppl from encroachment (intrusion) from state gov
-nationalized Bill of Rights
Civil War Amendments: 15th Amendment
gave African American men 20+ yrs old the right to vote
Forms of Voting Discrimination (3)
poll taxes (charge $ to vote-> limit poor voting) literacy test (demonstrate, unpassable tests) grandfather clause (if grandpa could vote-> didn't have to take test, highly suppressed A.A. voters)
Forms of Voting Discrimination
what amendment involved voting rights? what did it say about poll taxes, literacy tests, and the grandfather clause? Why was this deal made?
24th Amendment (1965 Voting Rights Act: states/countries cannot apply these/interfere w/ right to vote)
-Voting Rights
(deal made from tied presidency)
Forms of Voting Discrimination
what happened to democracy?
it took a step backwards from being against black voters
Litigating for Equality
Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896
“Separate but Equal Doctrine: (separate accommodations as long as equal)
Litigating for Equality
Brown v Board of Education, Topeka Kansas 1954
mentality of this? what did it do?
(best place to attack inequality was education)
if children together, inequality would diminish
overturned Separate but equal doctrine
can’t separate ppl & expect equality (constitutional concept)
Litigating for Equality
What was the Jim Crow Era?
the era when the laws & provisions of the South were reflective of the period before the Civil War
Litigating for Equality Brown 2, 1995
schools will desegregate w/ all deliberate speed
- this caused white flight to suburbs
- some desegregated right away, others not at all bc it was left up to the communities to interpret “deliberate speed”
Civil Rights Act of 1964
known to be? what did it prohibit? what did it create?
(prohibited discrimination in public accommodations, challenged morale)
- most significant federal law in regard to race relations
- prohibited discrimination in employment, education, public accommodations, & voting (1965)
- creation of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)- to enforce the Title 7 provisions of the Act (institution to go out & enforce unlike Brown 2, gov couldn’t enforce)
Women’s Rights Movement
what 2 events took place?
1848 Seneca Falls Convention
1920 Nineteenth Amendment
Women’s Rights Movement: 1848 Seneca Falls Convention
Susan B. Anthony , etc. arguing for right to vote for women
Women’s Rights Movement: 1920 Nineteenth Amendment
a lot of women voted (local/state) but didn’t have federal representation directly by Congressmen->guaranteed w/ 19th amendment
Events Moving Women to Action (2)
1963 The American Woman & The Feminine Mystique
Civil Rights Act of 1964 -absence of sex discrimination
Events Moving Women to Action: 1963 The American Woman & The Feminine Mystique
Written by Betty Ferdamn talked about double standards being used against women
Accepted behavior for men, not women-> not fair for women
Birth control, women could use it to tell me that there’s no excuse to discriminate
Civil Rights Act of 1964 vs Brown 2
one thing to pass a law but another to enforce it
enforce: make sure law is carried out
Statutory Remedies for Sex Discrimination
what amendment was pushed and who advocated for it? what became a problem?
ERA: 1966, NOW (chief advocates for passage of ERA)
Equal Rights Amendment: (institutions not allowed to discriminate anyone based on sex)
-Roe v Wade backlash
-draft eligibility (if amendment passed for equal treatment -> problem)
-ratification deadline
Statutory Remedies for Sex Discrimination
title 9?
Title 9 of the Education Amendment of 1972
- provisions on the Civil Rights Bill ensured all public education facilities were to be equal
ex) women=equal opp. to excel at sports
Gays & Lesbians
court case that was in their favor?
Lawrence v. Texas
- man prosecuted for homosexual conduct in TX
- types of state laws that prohibited homosexuality were unconstitutional
- gov=no right to tell you what to do in privacy of own home (like griswald vs Conn, (birth control) but yrs later)
Gays & Lesbians
homosexual involvement in the military? what was passed? it is last?
“Don’t ask, don’t tell” 1993 (13k)
-repealed it Dec 2010
(homosexuality in military, Bill Clinton supported it but his peers didn’t so he compromised w “don’t”
military wouldn’t ask sexuality, but repealed by Obama bc it shows hypocrisy (saying don’t discrim. but they are))
Disabled Americans
what was passed for them? ex?
Americans w/ Disabilities Act (1990) (ADA)
- ensure ppl w/ disabilities could still contribute to society, everyone has a chance
ex) parking spaces, education programs, ramps
Affirmative Action (policies) what was this policy?
apply pressure to institutions to promote minorities or women for equality
ex) employ veterans
Affirmative Action (policies) arguments against (2)
“reverse discrimination”
diminishes achievement of recipients
(ex: only reason got job is bc woman, was the mentality)
Affirmative Action (policies) arguments for (3)
to remedy past discriminations
to achieve a more diverse, tolerant, and representative society
to ensure no future discrimination (wouldn’t need it anymore after)
Suitable for high federal office?
how might religion play a big factor?
ppl have different beliefs
standard: if you don’t believe in christianity, won’t have a good chance in office even though ppl like James madison, Jefferson, & Lincoln didn’t present Christianity in a positive manner
