Ch 5 Civil Rights

Question 1

Civil Rights

definition?

Answer 1

refers to the positive acts govs take to protect individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by govs or individuals
(gov is the protector)

Question 2

Civil Rights Movement Groups (5)

Answer 2

African Americans
Women
Gays & Lesbians
Disabled
Secularists

Question 3

Civil War Amendments

name them

Answer 3

13th
14th
15th

Question 4

Civil War

Answer 4

fought over that the states could possibly ignore fed. gov. and do their own thing
North won & occupied the South

Question 5

Civil War Amendments: 13th Amendment

Answer 5

abolished slavery

-freed slaves

Question 6

Civil War Amendments: 14th Amendment

Answer 6

protect ppl from encroachment (intrusion) from state gov

-nationalized Bill of Rights

Question 7

Civil War Amendments: 15th Amendment

Answer 7

gave African American men 20+ yrs old the right to vote

Question 8

Forms of Voting Discrimination (3)

Answer 8

poll taxes (charge $ to vote-> limit poor voting)
literacy test (demonstrate, unpassable tests)
grandfather clause (if grandpa could vote-> didn't have to take test, highly suppressed A.A. voters)

Question 9

Forms of Voting Discrimination
what amendment involved voting rights? what did it say about poll taxes, literacy tests, and the grandfather clause? Why was this deal made?

Answer 9

24th Amendment (1965 Voting Rights Act: states/countries cannot apply these/interfere w/ right to vote)
-Voting Rights
(deal made from tied presidency)

Question 10

Forms of Voting Discrimination

what happened to democracy?

Answer 10

it took a step backwards from being against black voters

Question 11

Litigating for Equality

Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896

Answer 11

“Separate but Equal Doctrine: (separate accommodations as long as equal)

Question 12

Litigating for Equality
Brown v Board of Education, Topeka Kansas 1954
mentality of this? what did it do?

Answer 12

(best place to attack inequality was education)
if children together, inequality would diminish
overturned Separate but equal doctrine
can’t separate ppl & expect equality (constitutional concept)

Question 13

Litigating for Equality

What was the Jim Crow Era?

Answer 13

the era when the laws & provisions of the South were reflective of the period before the Civil War

Question 14

Litigating for Equality Brown 2, 1995

Answer 14

schools will desegregate w/ all deliberate speed

• this caused white flight to suburbs
• some desegregated right away, others not at all bc it was left up to the communities to interpret “deliberate speed”

Question 15

Civil Rights Act of 1964

known to be? what did it prohibit? what did it create?

Answer 15

(prohibited discrimination in public accommodations, challenged morale)

• most significant federal law in regard to race relations
• prohibited discrimination in employment, education, public accommodations, & voting (1965)
• creation of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)- to enforce the Title 7 provisions of the Act (institution to go out & enforce unlike Brown 2, gov couldn’t enforce)

Question 16

Women’s Rights Movement

what 2 events took place?

Answer 16

1848 Seneca Falls Convention

1920 Nineteenth Amendment

Question 17

Women’s Rights Movement: 1848 Seneca Falls Convention

Answer 17

Susan B. Anthony , etc. arguing for right to vote for women

Question 18

Women’s Rights Movement: 1920 Nineteenth Amendment

Answer 18

a lot of women voted (local/state) but didn’t have federal representation directly by Congressmen->guaranteed w/ 19th amendment

Question 19

Events Moving Women to Action (2)

Answer 19

1963 The American Woman & The Feminine Mystique

Civil Rights Act of 1964 -absence of sex discrimination

Question 20

Events Moving Women to Action: 1963 The American Woman & The Feminine Mystique

Answer 20

Written by Betty Ferdamn talked about double standards being used against women
Accepted behavior for men, not women-> not fair for women
Birth control, women could use it to tell me that there’s no excuse to discriminate

Question 21

Civil Rights Act of 1964 vs Brown 2

Answer 21

one thing to pass a law but another to enforce it

enforce: make sure law is carried out

Question 22

Statutory Remedies for Sex Discrimination

what amendment was pushed and who advocated for it? what became a problem?

Answer 22

ERA: 1966, NOW (chief advocates for passage of ERA)
Equal Rights Amendment: (institutions not allowed to discriminate anyone based on sex)
-Roe v Wade backlash
-draft eligibility (if amendment passed for equal treatment -> problem)
-ratification deadline

Question 23

Statutory Remedies for Sex Discrimination

title 9?

Answer 23

Title 9 of the Education Amendment of 1972

• provisions on the Civil Rights Bill ensured all public education facilities were to be equal
  ex) women=equal opp. to excel at sports

Question 24

Gays & Lesbians

court case that was in their favor?

Answer 24

Lawrence v. Texas

• man prosecuted for homosexual conduct in TX
• types of state laws that prohibited homosexuality were unconstitutional
• gov=no right to tell you what to do in privacy of own home (like griswald vs Conn, (birth control) but yrs later)

Question 25

Gays & Lesbians

homosexual involvement in the military? what was passed? it is last?

Answer 25

“Don’t ask, don’t tell” 1993 (13k)
-repealed it Dec 2010
(homosexuality in military, Bill Clinton supported it but his peers didn’t so he compromised w “don’t”
military wouldn’t ask sexuality, but repealed by Obama bc it shows hypocrisy (saying don’t discrim. but they are))

Question 26

Disabled Americans

what was passed for them? ex?

Answer 26

Americans w/ Disabilities Act (1990) (ADA)

• ensure ppl w/ disabilities could still contribute to society, everyone has a chance
  ex) parking spaces, education programs, ramps

Question 27

Affirmative Action (policies)
what was this policy?

Answer 27

apply pressure to institutions to promote minorities or women for equality
ex) employ veterans

Question 28

Affirmative Action (policies)
arguments against (2)

Answer 28

“reverse discrimination”
diminishes achievement of recipients
(ex: only reason got job is bc woman, was the mentality)

Question 29

Affirmative Action (policies)
arguments for (3)

Answer 29

to remedy past discriminations
to achieve a more diverse, tolerant, and representative society
to ensure no future discrimination (wouldn’t need it anymore after)

Question 30

Suitable for high federal office?

how might religion play a big factor?

Answer 30

ppl have different beliefs
standard: if you don’t believe in christianity, won’t have a good chance in office even though ppl like James madison, Jefferson, & Lincoln didn’t present Christianity in a positive manner