Ch. 5

Question 1

THREE powers given to the central government by the Articles of Confederation

Answer 1

1 - declare war
2 - raise armies
3 - sign treaties

Question 2

TWO powers NOT given to the central government by the Articles of Confederation

Answer 2

1 - create taxes

2 - regulate trade

Question 3

document for creating a loose union of states (weak central government) after the Revolutionary War

Answer 3

Articles of Confederation

Question 4

What did the Confederation Congress do in order to raise money?

Answer 4

sold land in the NW territory

Question 5

laws created by the Confederation Congress to govern the NW territory

Answer 5

Northwest Ordinance

Question 6

3 rights guaranteed by NW ordinance

Answer 6

• free religion
• property
• trial by jury

Question 7

What was forbidden by the NW Ordinance?

Answer 7

slavery

Question 8

What was the Confederation Congress’s trade success?

Answer 8

treaty with France that said they could sell to French colonies in Caribbean

Question 9

What was the trade failure of the Confederation Congress?

Answer 9

Different states charged Britain different duties (taxes on imported good) –> states argued

Question 10

What was the diplomacy failure of the Confederation Congress?

Answer 10

Treaty of Paris (which ended the Revolutionary War) said that Americans had to return Loyalist property –> states didn’t want to and Congress was too weak to force them –> British soldiers stayed in America and refused to leave

Question 11

TWO economic problems facing Confederation Congress

Answer 11

• recession (economic slowdown)

- inflation (money becomes worth less and prices go up)

Question 12

cause of Shays’s rebellion

Answer 12

poor Massachusetts farmers were upset at new taxes –> scared they would lose their land –> shot down courthouse –> unsuccessful

Question 13

Why was the Constitutional Convention called?

Answer 13

to strengthen central government but balance it with states’ rights

Question 14

nationalists

Answer 14

people who support strong central government (later they’ll be called federalists)

Question 15

nationalist from Virginia who convinced everyone to change Articles of Confederation

Answer 15

James Madison

Question 16

New York delegate who recommended the Constitutional Convention

Answer 16

Alexander Hamilton

Question 17

only state to not participate in Constitutional Convention

Answer 17

Rhode Island (they liked a weak central government)

Question 18

Constitutional Convention (who? where?)

Answer 18

55 delegates, Philadelphia

Question 19

he presided over the Constitutional Convention

Answer 19

George Washington

Question 20

SIX provisions of the Virginia Plan

Answer 20

• eliminate Articles of Confederation
• create new national government with 3 branches
• make laws that limit states
• raise money for national government through taxes
• legislature (Congress) with two houses
• number of representatives from each state was based on state population

Question 21

Who proposed the Virginia Plan?

Answer 21

Randolph

Question 22

problem with Virginia Plan

Answer 22

favored big states with lots of people

Question 23

Who proposed the New Jersey Plan?

Answer 23

William Paterson

Question 24

THREE provisions of the New Jersey Plan

Answer 24

• modify Articles of Confederation
• Congress could tax and regulate trade
• each state equally represented in Congress, regardless of population

Question 25

another name for the Connecticut Compromise

Answer 25

Great Compromise

Question 26

What was the biggest difference between the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan?

Answer 26

Virginia wanted the number of a state’s representatives in Congress to be based on state population, New Jersey wanted every state to have the same number of representatives

Question 27

What WAS the great compromise?

Answer 27

Congress would have TWO houses

• Senate - every state had two senators
• House of Representatives - states had representatives based on their population

Question 28

Compromise over slaves in a state’s population

Answer 28

Three-Fifths Compromise: slaves each counted for 3/5 of a person

Question 29

changes to the Constitution

Answer 29

amendments

Question 30

document created by the Constitutional Convention, creating the framework for a limited government

Answer 30

U.S. Constitution

Question 31

phrase meaning that the different branches of government are divided

Answer 31

separation of powers

Question 32

phrase meaning that the different branches of government have the ability to limit each other’s power

Answer 32

checks and balances

Question 33

what is required for an amendment to be made to the Constitution?

Answer 33

• proposal requires 2/3 of states

- ratification requires 3/4 of states

Question 34

government branch responsible for interpreting laws

Answer 34

judicial

Question 35

government branch responsible for enforcing and implementing laws

Answer 35

executive

Question 36

government branch responsible for making laws

Answer 36

legistlative