Ch 43 Flashcards
Pathogen
Agent that causes disease
Innate immunity
Immediate defense
Present before pathogenic infection
Non-specific
Adaptive immunity
Activated after innate response (slow)
Response after pathogen infection
Very specific
Functions of Immune System
Protection from pathogens
Removal of dead or damaged tissue
Recognition and removal of abnormal cells
Primary Lymphoid tissue
Thymus gland and bone marrow
Secondary lymphoid tissue
Spleen (removes RBC) Lymph nodes (stored immune cells)
Autoimmune Diseases
Failure to distinguish between self and non self
Macrophages
Migrate through the body in organs/tissues
Neutrophils
Circulate in blood
Dendritic Cells
Stimulates development of adaptive immunity
Eosinophils
Discharge disruptive enzymes against parasites
Phagocytosis
Ingestion and digestion of a foreign body
Phagolysosomes
Inflammatory response
(1) mast cells release histamine; capillaries dilate
(2) neutrophils enter tissue
(3) phagocytosis
Cytokines
Secreted by immune cells to activate receptors on other cells
Fever
Immune cells release pyrogens which act on the hypothalamus to induce fever
NK Cells
Attack cancer and virus infected cells
Antigens
Compound capable of activating an immune response
Variable region
Antigen specific
MHC molecules
Bind and transport antigen fragment to the cell surface
T Cells binds both
Antigen fragment and MHC molecule
Primary immune response
Proliferation and differentiation of B cells the first time the body is exposed to a particular antigen
Vaccinations
Artificially introduce antigen to induce immune response
Protects against second immune response
