Ch. 40 - AGE

Question 1

2nd MCC of childhood deaths worldwide

Answer 1

Diarrheal disorders

Question 2

MC identifiable viral cause of gastroenteritis in all children

Answer 2

Rotavirus

Question 3

MC bacterial pathogens of AGE in developing countries

Answer 3

Salmonella, shigella, e.coli

Question 4

MCC of waterborne outbreaks of diarrhea

Answer 4

Cryptosporidium

Question 5

Type of diarrhea produced by enteropathogens that produce enterotoxin, destroy villi, and adhere to intestinal wall

Answer 5

Non-inflammatory diarrhea

Question 6

Type of diarrhea produced by bacteria that directly invade the intestine to produce cytotoxins

Answer 6

Inflammatory diarrhea

Question 7

Persistent diarrhea is defined as

Answer 7

≥14 days

Question 8

Dehydration must be evaluated rapidly and corrected within

Answer 8

4-6 hours

Question 9

Risks associated with severe dehydration and might necessitate IV resuscitation

Answer 9

1) <6 months 2) Prematurity 3) Chronic illness 4) Fever >38C if <3 months or >39C if 3-36 months 5) Bloody diarrhea 6) Persistent emesis 7) Poor urine output 8) Sunken eyes 9) Depressed level of consciousness

Question 10

Global standard of care for AGE in pediatric population

Answer 10

Low osmolality WHO ORS: 75meqs Na, 75mmol Glucose, total osm of 245 mOsm/L

Question 11

T/F There is strong evidence that Zn supplementation in children with diarrhea in developing countries leads to reduced duration and severity of diarrhea and potentially prevent recurrence

Answer 11

T

Question 12

One of the most effective interventions to reduce risk of premature childhood mortality and potential to prevent 13% of all deaths of children <5 yrs from AGE

Answer 12

Exclusive breastfeeding for the 1st 6 months of life