Ch 4: Functional Groups

Question 1

Hydroxyl Structure

Answer 1

-OH

Question 2

Hydroxyl Properties

Answer 2

polar => attracts H2O
electronegative bc of O

Question 3

Hydroxyl Names

Answer 3

alcohols

Question 4

Carbonyl Structure

Answer 4

x. O
//
– C
\
O

Question 5

Carbonyl Properties

Answer 5

aldehyde & ketones can be structural isomers

Question 6

Carbonyl Names

Answer 6

Ketone & Aldehyde

Question 7

Ketone

Answer 7

in the middle of the carbon skeleton

Question 8

Aldehyde

Answer 8

at the end of the carbon skeleton

Question 9

Carboxyl Structure

Answer 9

x. O
//
– C
\
OH

Question 10

Carboxyl Names

Answer 10

carboxylic acid

Question 11

Carboxyl Properties

Answer 11

source of H ions => acidic
H can detach => covalent bond between O & H (giving ion form)

Question 12

Amino Structure

Answer 12

x. H
/
– N
\
H

Question 13

Amino Name

Answer 13

amines

Question 14

Amino properties

Answer 14

acts as base => H acceptor

Question 15

Sulfhydryl Structure

Answer 15

• SH

Question 16

Sulfhydryl Name

Answer 16

thiols

Question 17

Sulfhydryl Properties

Answer 17

2 can interact to stabilize a protein

Question 18

Phosphate Structure

Answer 18

x O
||
- O - P - O
|
O

Question 19

Phosphate Name

Answer 19

organic phosphate

Question 20

Phosphate Properties

Answer 20

• makes any molecule an anion
• can transfer E between organic molecules