Ch 4 Forensics Prelim review

Question 1

Dental age assessment

Answer 1

-Important in forensic dental evaluation

Question 2

Est of adult age based characteristics

Answer 2

1. attrition of occlusal or incisal surfaces
2. degree of deposition of 2nd dentin
3. deposition of apical cementum
4. attachment level of periodontium
5. root resorption
6. radicular translucency

Question 3

What is Forensic Dentistry?

Answer 3

• Evaluates, manages, and presents dental evidence in legal proceedings in the interest of justice.
• Includes, the ID of unidentified or missing individuals, human remains, victims of mass fatality incidents, like natural and accidental disasters

Question 4

Why are teeth unlike fingerprints?

Answer 4

its fluid and changes throughout life.

-subject to disease

Question 5

What is used to estimate age?

Answer 5

• racemization process of L form aspartic acid -> D form

- as enamel/dentin age= D form ^

Question 6

What is widely used in forensic analysis and define?

Answer 6

• restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)

- it’s a PCR technique used when DNA is limited

Question 7

Charateristics of Bite Marks:

• Max CI
• Man I/Max LI
• Cuspid
• Max Cuspid
• Mand cuspid
• Molar

Answer 7

• larger rectangle
• small rectangle
• point or triangle
• figure-8 directed buccal to lingual
• point representing the buccal cusp
• not routinely seen in human biters

Question 8

4 phylogenetic classes of tooth/cusps forms:

1. Haplodont(single cone)

Answer 8

• many teeth in both jaws
• jaw movements limited to open/close hinge movements
• function is procurement of food
• no occlusion
• ex: alligator jaw

Question 9

4 phylogenetic classes of tooth/cusps forms:

2. triconodont (3 cusps in a line)

Answer 9

• in post teeth, large cusp in centered with smaller cusp anterior and another posterior
• teeth bypass one another
• ex. dogs,

Question 10

4 phylogenetic classes of tooth/cusps forms:

3. tritubercular molar (3 cusps in triangle)

Answer 10

• dogs and other carnivores

- teeth bypass one another

Question 11

4 phylogenetic classes of tooth/cusps forms:

4. Quadritubercular (4 cusps in quadrangle)

Answer 11

-occlusal contact relationship between teeth of upper and lower jaws

Question 12

Fusion of lobes

Answer 12

• Anterior: 1 cone
• Posterior: 2+ cones
• each lobe represents a primary center of formation

Question 13

Fusion of lobes:

• Anterior teeth
• premolar
• mand 2nd premolar

Answer 13

• 4 lobes; mesial, labial, distal, lingual
• mesial, buccal, distal, lingual
• mesial, buccal, distal, mesiolingual, distolingual

Question 14

Tooth form and Jaw movements:

• Bunodont
• Isognathous
• anisognathus

Answer 14

• tooth-bearing conical cusps. ex: primates
• equally jawed ex: may be humans
• unequally jawed

Question 15

Glenoid (mandibular) fossaa

Answer 15

• correlated with tooth form and jaw movements
• where condyle is greatly elongated transversely and very flat, great lateral movement occurs during mastication
• associated with selenodont molars, and anisgognathus

Question 16

Mechanical genesis of tooth forms hypothesis

Answer 16

• with increasing complexity of movement, apparent increase in complexity of enamel folding, ridges, and crest occurs
• correlations bet forms of teeth, joints muscles, skull, bones, and jaw movement appear consisten with function of species.

Question 17

Geometries of crown outlines:

• Anterior (mesial or distal)
• Anterior (labial/lingual)
• Premolars (buccal/lingual)
• Molars (buccal/lingual)
• Premolars (mesial/distal)
• Molars (mesial/distal)

Answer 17

• triangle
• trapezoid
• trapezoid
• trapezoid
• trapezoid
• rhomboid-the only time cervical side is bigger than occlusal
• rhomboid-“ “
• if occlusal surface were wide as base, additional chewing surface would multiply forces of mastication
• because occlusal surface is constricted, the tooth can be forced into food material more easily.
• if mand post crowns were set on their roots in same relation of max post teeth, cusps would class with one another, not allowing intercuspal relations.

Question 18

-Triangles

Answer 18

• 6 ant, max/man

- Mesial/Distal aspect

Question 19

-Trapezoids, with longest uneven side toward occlusal or incisal surface

Answer 19

• All ant, max/man
  
  • labial/lingual
• All post
  - buccal/lingual

Question 20

-Trapezoids,w/ shortest uneven side toward occlusal surface

Answer 20

• All max post

- mesial/distal

Question 21

-Rhomboids

Answer 21

• all mand post

- mesial/distal

Question 22

Primary function of teeth

Answer 22

-prepare food for swallowing and to digest

Question 23

Occlusion

Answer 23

• When the teeth in man arch come in contact with those in max arch in any functional relation.
• each tooth(even implants) in arch should be placed in its most advantageous angle to withstand forces brought to bear on it.
• some evidence suggests that tangential loading results in reduced chewing forces and that negative feed back from receptors in the periodontium mediate chewing forces.

Question 24

Buccal and Lingual contours of teeth

Answer 24

-have an influence on the way in which food is directed to and away from gingival tissues.

Question 25

Interproximal spaces

Answer 25

proximal contacts of approximating teeth in arch protect the soft tissues between teeth and prevent food impaction.

Question 26

Gingival and cervical line

Answer 26

-follow same curvature but are seldom at the same level on the tooth

Question 27

Dehiscense(cleft) or Fenestration (window)

Answer 27

Misalignment of teeth may change gingival line, which may not be helpful to health of tiss

*cervicoenamel ridge shouldn’t be overcontoured or undercontoured in full-crown restorations.

Question 28

Root form

Answer 28

-length, shape of root , and angle at which the incisal and occlusal surfaces of the tooth crowns areplaced w/ respect to root bases, of each tooth is impt.

Question 29

Occlusal curvature

Answer 29

-observed that occlusal/incisal surfaces of all crowns take together in either arch form a curve.