Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Unit 2 > Ch. 32 Digestive System Organology > Flashcards

Ch. 32 Digestive System Organology Flashcards

1
Q

System of the body concerned with the breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients.

A

Digestive System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Other names for the digestive system

A

Digestive tract
Gastrointestinal tact
Alimentary canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The organs of the digestive system exist as a continuous tube extending from the ___ to the ___

A

oral cavity to the anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Large, highly folded serous membrane located in the abdomen

A

Peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The portion of the peritoneum that lines the inner surface of the abdominal wall

A

Parietal peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Portion of the peritoneum that is located on the surface of the organs of the abdomen

A

Visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cavity between the parietal and visceral peritoneum.

A

Peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Potential space filled with a thin film of fluid

A

Peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Entire peritoneal cavity is subdivided into ___ sacs.

A

Two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The main portion of the peritoneal cavity.

A

Greater sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The greater sac of the peritoneal cavity extends from the ___ to the ___ and from the ____ to the ____

A

diaphragm to the pelvic floor

anterior abdominal wall to the posterior abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Another name for the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity

A

omental bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Smaller portion of the peritoneal cavity

A

Lesser sac (omental bursa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Omental bursa is located posterior to the ___ and extends upward behind gate ___ and downward into the ___

A

stomach; liver; greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The only opening between the greater and lesser sacs of the peritoneal cavity is the

A

epiploic foramen of winslow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The epiploic foramen of Winslow is bounded by :

A

Portal vein, hepatic artery proper, bile duct (in lesser omentum)
Duodenum (inferiorly)
IVC (posteriorly)
Liver (superiorly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Peritoneal folds and membranes are reflections of

A

Visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The falciform ligament extends from the __ to the ___

A

liver; anterior abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In the free edge of the falciform ligament

A

Round ligament of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The round ligament of is a remnant of

A

obliterated umbilical vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The greater omentum extends from the ____ to the ___

A

greater curvature of the stomach; transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Forms a fatty apron over the small intestines

A

greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The lesser omentum extends from the ___ to the ___

A

lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The lesser omentum contains in it’s right free edge:

A

the bile duct, portal vein, and hepatic artery proper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Supports and suspends the jejunum and ileum from the posterior abdominal wall

A

mesentary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Suspends the transverse colon from the posterior abdominal wall

A

transverse mesocolon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

suspends the sigmoid colon from the posterior abdominal wall

A

Sigmoid mesocolon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Structures located behind the peritoneum directly not he posterior abdominal wall

A

Retroperitoneal structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Retroperitoneal structures

A 
Duodenum
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Pancreas
Kidney and ureter
Aorta and IVC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The oral cavity contains the ______

A

Tongue
Teeth
Openings of the salivary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Skeletal muscular organ functioning in sense of taste, mastication and movement of food

A

Tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Functions of the tongue

A

Sense of taste
Mastication
Movement of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Adult has __ teeth of ___ types

A

32; 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Types of teeth

A

Incisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The three salivary glands are all _____ glands

A

exocrine; they are all drained by a duct.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

All of the salivary glands are drained by a duct and empty the saliva into the ___

A

oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Salivary gland secretions

A

saliva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Salivary gland located just below the ear

A

Parotid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The parotid gland is drained by the

A

parotid duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Salivary gland located just below the mandible and drained by the submandibular duct

A

submandibular gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Submandibular gland was formerly called the

A

submaxillary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Gland located right below the tongue and is drained by the sublingual ducts (of a bartholin and rivinus)

A

sublingual gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

the pharynx is composed of ___

A

skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Function of the pharynx

A

swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Three divisions of the pharynx

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

The nasopharynx is posterior to the

A

nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

the oropharynx is posterior to the

A

oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

the laryngopharynx is posterior to

A

the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Division of the pharynx that is continuous with the esophagus

A

laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Clinical name for the laryngopharynx

A

hypopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Muscular tube extending 25 cm from the lower end of the pharynx (CV6) to the cardiac opening of the stomach (TV11) inferiorly

A

Esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Esophagus extends from the ___ to the ___

A

lower end of the pharynx (CV6) to the cardiac opening of the stomach (TV11)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Three regional parts of the esophagus

A

Cervical
Thoracic
Abdominal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Regional part of the esophagus that is in the neck, where it lies posterior to the trachea

A

Cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Regional part of the esophagus that is in the thorax

A

Thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

The thoracic part of the esophagus lies posterior to the ___ in the upper half and the ___ in the lower half of the thorax

A

trachea; heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

The regional part of the esophagus that after piercing the diaphragm at the esophageal opening of the diaphragm, enters the abdomen

A

Abdominal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Where does the abdominal part of the esophagus pierce the diaphragm?

A

The esophageal opening of the diaphragm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

The abdominal part of the esophagus runs a short course in the abdomen and terminates by joining the ____ to form the ___

A

stomach; gastroesophageal junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Arterial supply of the esophagus

A

Esophageal artery
Bronchial branches of aorta
Inferior thyroid
Esophageal branches of the left gastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Esophagus is supplied superiorly by the

A

inferior thyroid (thyrocervical trunk, subclavian artery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Esophagus is supplied interiorly from the

A

esophageal branches o the left gastric (celiac trunk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Digestive organ responsible for the storage of food

A

stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

The part of the stomach above the level of entrance into the esophagus

A

fundus

65
Q

the part of the stomach located between the fungus and the pyloric part. it comprises the main mass

A

Body

66
Q

Part of the stomach extending toward the right and lower part of the body of the stomach

A

pyloric part

67
Q

The opening between the stomach and the first part of the duodenum

A

pyloric opening

68
Q

The pyloric opening is surrounded by a circular smooth muscle:

A

pyloric sphincter

69
Q

Two curvatures of the stomach

A

Greater

Lesser

70
Q

Name given to the margin of the stomach that courses over the fundus and inferiorly on the left side of the stomach to the inferior side of the pyloris.

A

Greater curvature

71
Q

The greater curvature is a ___ curve in its entirety

A

convex

72
Q

Connective tissue structure attached to the greater curvature, embedded with fat and is located between the stomach and the transverse colon

A

greater omentum

73
Q

Name given to the margin of the stomach that is located on the right side of the stomach

A

Lesser curvature

74
Q

Curve of the lesser curvature

A

Concave

75
Q

Connective tissue structure attached to the lesser curvature in which fat is embedded but is located between the stomach and the liver

A

Lesser omentum

76
Q

Two openings of the stomach

A

Cardiac and Pyloric

77
Q

Opening of the stomach between the cavity of the esophagus and the cavity of the stomach

A

cardiac opening

78
Q

Opening of the stomach located at the upper junction of the greater and lesser curvatures

A

cardiac opening

79
Q

Internal surface of the stomach presents folds called

A

rugae

80
Q

Arterial supply to the stomach

A

Right and left gastric
Short gastric
Right and left gastroepiploic arteries

81
Q

The part of the intestine between the pyloric sphincter and the ileocecal junction

A

small intestine

82
Q

length of small intestine

A

7 m

83
Q

Diameter of the small gradually ___ through its length

A

Diminishes

84
Q

Subdivisions of the small intestine

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

85
Q

First part of the small intestine which extends from the pyloric sphincter to where it joins the jejunum.

A

duodenum

86
Q

Duodenum is a C shaped organ with a ____ medial border receiving the opening of ducts draining the _____

A

concave; liver, gall bladder, pancreas

87
Q

Duodenum is divided into four parts:

A

First (superior)
Second (descending)
Third (horizontal)
Fourth (ascending)

88
Q

Segment of the duodenum that receives bile and pancreatic juices

A

Second

89
Q

Courses upward to the suspensory ligament of the duodenum, where it leads to the duodenal-jejunal flexure

A

Fourth (ascending)

90
Q

Another name for suspensory ligament of the duodenum

A

Suspensory ligament of Treitz

91
Q

Arterial supply to the duodenum

A

Pancreaticoduodenal arteries (arising from gastroduodenal)
SMA
Additional branches from the gastroduodenal artery

92
Q

Proximal two fifths of the remainder of the small intestine

A

Jejunum

93
Q

The jejunum is supplied by

A

The jejunal branches of the small mesenteric artery

94
Q

Distal three fifths of the remainder of the small intestine.

A

Ileum

95
Q

The ileum is supplied by

A

Ileal branches of the ileocolic artery from the superior mesenteric artery

96
Q

is there a morphological line between the jejunum and the ileum?

A

No

97
Q

The jejunum and ileum are highly coiled structures suspended from the posterior abdominal wall by a connective tissue structure :

A

mesentary

98
Q

Junction of the ileum portion of the small intestine and the cecum of the large intestine

A

Ileocecal junction

99
Q

Opening between the men of the ileum and the lumen of the cecum

A

Ileocecal opening

100
Q

The ileocecal opening is guarded by the

A

ileocecal valve

101
Q

Part of the intestine extending from the ileocecal junction to the anus

A

Large intestine or colon

102
Q

Subdivisions of the large intestine

A 
cecum
veriform appendix
ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
103
Q

Part of the large intestine that lies at and below the level of entrance of the ileum

A

cecum

104
Q

lymphatic organ attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum.

A

vermiform appendix

105
Q

portion of the large intestine that extends superiorly from the right side of the posterior abdominal wall to the liver

A

ascending colon

106
Q

Because the ascending colon cannot course above the liver, it bends, forming the _____ and courses to the left

A

right colic or hepatic flexure

107
Q

The portion of the large intestine that extends from the right colic flexure on the right side of the abdomen to the spleen on the left side.

A

transverse colon

108
Q

When the transverse colon reaches the spleen, it will bend and course inferiorly, forming the ___

A

left colic or splenic flexure

109
Q

Portion of the large intestine that extends from the left colic flexure inferiorly along the left side of the posterior abdominal wall.

A

descending colon

110
Q

Part of the large intestine that extends from the descending colon to the pelvis where it is continuous with the rectum

A

sigmoid colon

111
Q

Forms a loop, the shape and position of which depends on the degree of filling

A

sigmoid colon

112
Q

Proximal portion of the colon to the splenic flexure is supplied by

A

branches of the superior mesenteric artery, namely the ileocolic artery to the cecum, appendix, and ascending colon

113
Q

Supplies the ascending and transverse colon

A

Right colic

114
Q

Transverse colon is supplied by the

A

right colic
middle colic artery
left colic artery from the inferior mesenteric artery

115
Q

Distal portion of the colon is supplied by branches from the

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

116
Q

Descending colon is supplied by the

A

left colic artery

117
Q

Sigmoid colon is supplied by

A

2-3 sigmoid arteries

118
Q

Termination of the inferior mesenteric artery as the superior rectal artery supplies the

A

rectum

119
Q

Lie lateral to the ascending and descending colons, respectively

A

right and left paracolic gutters

120
Q

Portion of the digestive system between the sigmoid colon and the anus

A

rectum

121
Q

The rectum narrows inferiorly forming the ___

A

anal canal

122
Q

Boundary between the external environment and the internal environment of the anus

A

anal verge

123
Q

Boundary between the internal mucosa and the external epithelium of the anus

A

pectinate or dentate line

124
Q

The pectinate line marks the division between the ___ hemorrhoids above and ___ hemorrhoids below,

A

internal; external

125
Q

There is greater sensitivity below and lesser sensitivity above the ______

A

dentate line.

126
Q

Sphincteric muscle located at the termination of the anal canal which functions in the retention of feces

A

Anus

127
Q

Arterial supply to the rectum and anus includes the

A

superior rectal artery (IMA)
middle rectal artery (internal iliac)
inferior rectal artery (internal pudendal artery)

128
Q

Largest gland in the body: exocrine gland that produces bile, which is conveyed via ducts to the duodenum

A

Liver

129
Q

Superior surface of the liver related to the right dome of the diaphragm

A

diaphragmatic

130
Q

The inferior surface of the liver adjacent to the abdominal viscera

A

Visceral

131
Q

The visceral surface presents the four lobes of the liver:

A

right, left, quadrate, caudate

132
Q

Structures that enter and exit the liver (right and left hepatic arteries, portal vein, right &left hepatic duct) do so at the ___, junction of the four lobes

A

porta hepatis

133
Q

Hepatic veins do not exit at the porta hepatis, they exit at the ___

A

superior liver

134
Q

Oxygenated blood that supplies the liver enters via the ___

A

hepatic arteries

135
Q

Nutrient rich and oxygen poor blood enters the liver via the

A

portal vein

136
Q

Located on the visceral surface of the liver between the right and quadrate lobe

A

Gall bladder

137
Q

Bile is stored and concentrated in the

A

gall bladder

138
Q

Gall bladder is supplied by ___

A

cystic artery

139
Q

Both an endocrine and exocrine gland

A

Pancrease

140
Q

As an exocrine gland, the pancreas produces digestive enzymes that pass via a duct to the ___

A

duodenum

141
Q

As an endocrine gland, the pancreas produces

A

insulin

142
Q

Part of the pancreas located in the concavity of the duodenum

A

Head of the pancreas

143
Q

Part of the pancreas coursing from the head toward the left across the vertebrae

A

Body

144
Q

Left end of the pancreas, which approximates the spleen

A

Tail

145
Q

The main portion of the pancreas drains pancreatic juices via the _____ into the _____

A

main pancreatic duct; major duodenal papilla

146
Q

The smaller upper part of the pancreas drains pancreatic ducts via the _____ into the ___

A

accessory duct of Santorini; minor duodenal papilla

147
Q

Arteries supplying the pancreas

A 
Pancreaticoduodenal branches from the gastroduodenal and SMA primarily to the head. 
Splenic artery (body and tail)
148
Q

Right half of the liver is drained by the ___

A

right hepatic ductg

149
Q

Left part of the liver is drained by the __

A

left hepatic duct

150
Q

Right and left hepatic ducts join to form the

A

common hepatic duct

151
Q

Gall bladder is drained by the

A

cystic duct

152
Q

Cystic duct joins the common hepatic duct to form the

A

bile duct (also may be called the common bile duct)

153
Q

An accessory pancreatic duct is usually presenting the duct system, draining into he ____ which lies superior to the ____

A

minor duodenal papilla; major duodenal papilla

154
Q

Bile duct and pancreatic duct join to form the

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla (of vater)

155
Q

Hepatopancreatic ampulla opens through the _____ which open into the duodenum at the ____

A

sphincter of Oddi; major duodenal papilla

156
Q

Acts like a large lymph node with additional functions

A

spleen

157
Q

Quadrant in which the spleen is located

A

left upper quadrant

158
Q

The spleen lies to the left of the ___, under the diaphragm and deep to the ____

A

pancreatic tail; lower left ribs

159
Q

Arterial supply to the spleen

A

splenic artery

Anatomy Unit 2 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions