Ch 31: Plant Diversity

Question 1

Thallus

Answer 1

A flattened, often photosynthetic structure lacking differentiated vegetative organs; produced by the body of the gametophyte generation in hornworts and some liverworts.

Question 2

Epiphytes

Answer 2

A plant that grows on branches or trunks of trees, without contact with the soil.

Question 3

Peat Bog

Answer 3

Wetland in which dead organic matter accumulates.

Question 4

Pinnae

Answer 4

Small unit of the photosynthetic surface on fern leaves; also, the external structure of mammalian ears that enhance the reception of sound waves contacting the ear.

Question 5

Leptosporangium

Answer 5

A distinctive sporangium, found in some ferns, whose outer wall is only a single cell thick and in which drying produces a catapult-like mechanism to release spores.

Question 6

T/F: Bryophytes possess lignin in their xylem.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

T/F: All gymnosperms are tall trees (or “tree-like” organisms) that contain both tracheids and resins.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

Angiosperms have a much higher water-transport capacity than that found in tracheid-only plants because:

Answer 8

the specialization of cells into vessel elements and fibers allows transport and support to become separate functions.

Question 9

Without the higher rates of transpiration exhibited by angiosperms, many tropical regions would:

Answer 9

have higher temperatures and lower rainfall.

Question 10

T/F: Sphagnum moss plays an important role in the global carbon cycle because it stores large amounts of organic carbon.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What group of gymnosperms has only a single living representative species?

Answer 11

Ginkgo

Question 12

While looking at a plant, you notice that the major veins in its leaves are parallel to the middle vein, its vascular bundles are distributed throughout the stem, and only one leaf attaches to any of the nodes. You are looking at a(n):

Answer 12

Monocot

Question 13

The persistent and photosynthetic generation of bryophytes is in general constrained to be close to the ground:

Answer 13

in order to successfully disperse gametes.

Question 14

What group of plants contains the tallest and oldest trees on Earth?

Answer 14

Conifers

Question 15

Examples of convergent evolution of bryophytes and vascular plants include:

Answer 15

mosses that attract insects that transport their spores.

Question 16

Fern leaves emerge as tightly coiled structures called:

Answer 16

Fiddleheads

Question 17

At first glance, cycads and palm trees may look very similar, but how are they distinguished?

Answer 17

Cycads have cones; palm trees have flowers.

Question 18

The early branching angiosperms have _____ diversity than later branching groups.

Answer 18

less

Question 19

Secondary xylem is produced by __________, and contributes to the ___________ of some plants.

Answer 19

vascular cambium; woody stem

Question 20

In vascular plants the _____ is larger than the _____.

Answer 20

diploid sporophyte; haploid gametophyte

Question 21

Plants that grow on other plants for structural support, but do not consume nutrients or energy from them, are called:

Answer 21

epiphytes

Question 22

How do bryophytes obtain water and CO2?

Answer 22

They absorb both CO2 and water directly from the environment without passing through stomata or roots.

Question 23

Vascular plants can be divided into ____ groups according to the unit of dispersal that results in the establishment of independent individuals.

Answer 23

2

Question 24

What generation (in the alternation of generations) is represented by the green, leafy, portion in mosses?

Answer 24

haploid gametophyte