Ch 3 Vocab Builders

Question 1

A whole body allergic reaction

Answer 1

Anaphylaxis

Question 2

Plasma membranes that can seal off and detach from the cell surface of injured cells

Answer 2

Blebs

Question 3

Crumbly, cheeselike

Answer 3

Caseous

Question 4

A medical condition or disease that is simultaneously present with another

Answer 4

Comorbidity

Question 5

Excessive shrinking of healing tissue

Answer 5

Contracture

Question 6

An undesirable outcome of healing because it can be disfiguring and impair movement or organ function

Answer 6

Contracture

Question 7

Polypeptide substances produced by leukocytes that have a wide range of inflammatory actions affecting either cytokine-producing cells (autocrine effects) or adjacent cells (paracrine effects)

Answer 7

Cytokines

Question 8

When leukocytes actively migrate out of the vessels, passing through vascular walls without damaging the blood vessels and entering the interstitial space

Answer 8

Diapedesis

Question 9

An increase in cell numbers accompanied by altered cell morphology and loss of histologic or cell organization

Answer 9

Dysplasia

Question 10

Considered to be a preneoplastic alteration and found in areas that are chronically injury and undergoing hyperplasia and metaplasia

Answer 10

Dysplasia

Question 11

The escape of fluid and often described as fluid escaping into a compartment such as a joint capsule; can be either transudate or exudate

Answer 11

Effusion

Question 12

A variety of enzymatic and nonenzymatic defense mechanisms present within cells to perform the function of antioxidants, detoxifying ROS and protecting the cells from injury

Answer 12

Endogenous

Question 13

Antioxidants taken from the outside of the body through our diet

Answer 13

Exogenous

Question 14

Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and B-Carotene are common antioxidants of which type?

Answer 14

Exogenous

Question 15

Occurs when an increase in capillary permeability allows proteinaceous fluid and/or cells to leak out primarily through openings created between adjacent endothelial cells in the capillaries or venules

Answer 15

Exudate

Question 16

An integral part of metabolism and are formed continuously in the body while they exert positive and negative effects

Answer 16

Free radical

Question 17

Chronic inflammatory reaction

Answer 17

Granuloma

Question 18

The phase that occurs immediately after an acute injury as platelets from blood plasma enter the tear to initiate clot formation (coagulation)

Answer 18

Hemostasis

Question 19

Liver cells

Answer 19

Hepatocytes

Question 20

OH-

Answer 20

Hydroxyl radicals

Question 21

Leads to membrane damage and breakdown of structural and enzymatic proteins that result in cell death

Answer 21

Hydroxyl radicals

Question 22

An increase in number of cells leading to increased organ size

Answer 22

Hyperplasia

Question 23

An increase in the size of the cell and organ and can occur when increased functional demands are placed on cells, tissues, or organs and with increased hormonal input

Answer 23

Hypertrophy

Question 24

Causes radiolysis of water and production of hydroxyl radicals

Answer 24

Ionizing radiation

Question 25

When the pyknotic nuclei can undergo dissolution

Answer 25

Karyolysis

Question 26

When the pyknotic nuclei can fragment

Answer 26

Kayorrhexis

Question 27

Enlarged, raised scar

Answer 27

Keloid

Question 28

Condition of the consequence of protein malnutrition

Answer 28

Kwashiorkor

Question 29

Malnutrition consequence of generalized dietary deficiency

Answer 29

Marasmus

Question 30

A change in a cell’s makeup or morphology and function resulting from the conversion of one adult cell type into another

Answer 30

Metaplasia

Question 31

Radicals produced in excessive amounts becoming the mechanism of cell injury and subsequent cell death

Answer 31

Oxidative stress

Question 32

Influences of the nervous system on immune and inflammatory responses and how these contribute to the healing and repair process

Answer 32

Psychoneuroimmunology

Question 33

Degeneration of cell as the nucleus shrinks in size and the chromatin condenses into a solid mass

Answer 33

Pykonosis

Question 34

Growing old; when normal cells stop dividing and eventually enter a viable nondividing state

Answer 34

Senescence

Question 35

When microorganisms or their toxins are present in the blood thus throughout the entire body

Answer 35

Sepsis

Question 36

Structural and functional changes in the body caused by disease or trauma

Answer 36

Pathology