CH 3 Tissue Healing Flashcards
Regrowth of original tissue
Regeneration
Formation of connective tissue scar
Repair
When does tissue healing begin?
Soon after tissue injury/death
How does tissue healing occur?
Regeneration or repair
The inflammatory cells recruited from blood circulation begin the healing process by?
Breaking down and removing necrotic tissue
How does the body break down and remove necrotic tissue?
By phagocytes that secrete degradative enzymes and also phagocytose the cellular debris, connective tissue fragments, and plasma proteins present in dead tissue
A complex process influenced by components such as fibronectin, proteoglycans and elastin, collagen, and parenchymal (organ) and endothelial (skin) cells
Healing process
One of the earliest proteins to provide structural support that stabilizes the healing tissue
Fibronectin
What component of tissue healing has functions that include the formation of scaffold, the provision of tensile strength, and ability to glue other substances and cells together?
Fibronectin
Proteins containing carbohydrate chains and sugar
Proteoglycans
Secreted in abundance by fibroblasts early during the tissue repair reaction
Proteoglycans
Binds to fibronectin and to collagen to help stabilize the tissue undergoing repair
Proteoglycans
Can retain water and aid in hydration of the tissue being repaird
Proteoglycans
Once the tissue heals, what component contributes to the organization and stability of collagen and creates an electrical charge that gives basement membranes the property of functioning like molecular sieves?
Proteoglycans
A protein synthesized and secreted by fibroblasts that becomes cross-linked to form fibrils or long sheets that provide tissues with elasticity
Elastin
A molecule that acts as a binding enhancer to facilitate phagocytosis
Opsonin
Responsible for attracting fibroblasts and macrophages by chemotaxis to the healing tissue
Fibronectin
What tissues have decreased blood supply and healing process requires additional time?
Tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and disk
What happens to factors that impede local circulation or deplete the necessary materials?
Delays rehabilitation
What are the factors the physiological variables that influence healing?
Age, growth factors, vascular sufficiency
What are the general health of individual factors that influence healing?
Immunocompetency, psychological, emotional, and spiritual well-being
What are some comorbidities factors that influence healing?
Diabetes, COPD, CHF, cancer, immobility, neurological impairment, alzheimer’s disease, etc
What type of factors influence healing?
Physiological variables, general health of individual, presence of comorbidities/diseases, tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, nutrition, local or systemic infection, type of tissue, medical treatment
What nutrient is essential for the activity of enzymes that degrade collagen and of enzymes that are responsible ultimately for the induction of protein synthesis?
Zinc
