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PMHNP Purple Book Review > Ch. 3 Theoretical Basis of Care > Flashcards

Ch. 3 Theoretical Basis of Care Flashcards

1
Q

4 major dimensions of recovery include:

A

health, home, purpose, community

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2
Q

therapeutic relationship assumes:

A

the client and nurse enter into a mutual, interactive, interpersonal relationship specifically to focus on the identified needs of the client

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3
Q

True or False: therapeutic relationships are focused on the client’s needs, goal-directed, theory-based, and open to supervision

A

True

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4
Q

transference:

A

displacement of feelings for significant people in the client’s past onto the PMHNP in the present relationship

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5
Q

countertransference:

A

the nurse’s emotional reaction to the client based on their past experiences

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6
Q

Therapeutic Relationship: Introduction (Orientation)

A

-create trusting environment
-establish professional boundaries
-establish length of anticipated interaction
-provide diagnostic eval
-set mutually agreed-upon tx objectives

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7
Q

Therapeutic Relationship: Working (Identification and Exploitation)

A

-clarify expectations and mutual goals
-implement tx plan
-monitor health
-preventative care
-measure outcomes
-eval outcomes
-reprioritize plan and objectives as needed

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8
Q

Therapeutic Relationship: Termination (Resolution)

A

-review progress toward objectives
-establish long-term plan
-focus on self-management strategies
-disengage from relationship
-refer to other services as needed

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9
Q

Common client behavior during Introduction phase

A

-initially hesitant to participate fully in assessment and tx
(approach avoidance)

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10
Q

Common client behavior during Working phase

A

-transference/countertransference
-resistance to care practices
-resistance to change

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11
Q

Common client behavior during Termination phase

A

-resistance to termination
-regression
-reemergence of symptoms or problems

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12
Q

Erik Erikson’s Developmental Stage: Infancy (age range and task)

A

Birth - 1 yr
trust vs. mistrust

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13
Q

Erik Erikson’s Developmental Stage: Early Childhood (age range and task)

A

1 - 3 yrs
autonomy vs. shame and doubt

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14
Q

Erik Erikson’s Developmental Stage: Late Childhood (age range and task)

A

3 - 6 yrs
initiative vs. guilt

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15
Q

Erik Erikson’s Developmental Stage: School-age (age range and task)

A

6 - 12 yrs
industry vs. inferiority

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16
Q

Erik Erikson’s Developmental Stage: Adolescence (age range and task)

A

12 - 20 yrs
identity vs. role confusion

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17
Q

Erik Erikson’s Developmental Stage: Early Adulthood (age range and task)

A

20 - 35 yrs
intimacy vs. isolation

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18
Q

Erik Erikson’s Developmental Stage: Middle Adulthood (age range and task)

A

35 - 65 yrs
generativity vs. self-absorption or stagnation

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19
Q

Erik Erikson’s Developmental Stage: Late Adulthood (age range and task)

A

> 65 yrs
integrity vs. despair

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20
Q

mastery of trust vs. mistrust includes (3)

A

-ability to form meaningful relationships
-hope about the future
-trust in others

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21
Q

failure of trust vs. mistrust includes (3)

A

-poor relationships
-lack of future hope
-suspicious of others

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22
Q

mastery of autonomy vs. shame and doubt include (3)

A

-self-control
-self-esteem
-willpower

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23
Q

failure of autonomy vs. shame and doubt include (4)

A

-poor self-control
-low self-esteem
-self-doubt
-lack of independence

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24
Q

mastery of initiative vs. guilt includes (3)

A

-self-directed behavior
-goal formation
-sense of purpose

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25
Q

failure of initiative vs. guilt includes (2)

A

-lack of self-initiated behavior
-lack of goal ortientation

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26
Q

mastery of industry vs, inferiority includes (2)

A

-ability to work
sense of competency and achievement

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27
Q

failure of industry vs. inferiority includes (2)

A

-sense of inferiority
-difficulty w/ working and learning

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28
Q

mastery of identity vs. role confusion includes

A

personal sense of identity

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29
Q

failure of identity vs. role confusion includes (2)

A

-identity confusion
-poor self-identification in group settings

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30
Q

mastery of intimacy vs. isolation includes (2)

A

-committed relationships
-compacity to love

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31
Q

failure of intimacy vs. isolation includes (2)

A

-emotional isolation
-egocentrism

32
Q

mastery of generativity vs. self-absorption or stagnation includes (2)

A

-ability to give time and talents to others
-ability to care for others

33
Q

failure of generativity vs. self-absorption or stagnation includes (3)

A

-self-absorption
-inability to grow and change as a person
-inability to care for others

34
Q

mastery of integrity vs. despair includes (3)

A

-fulfillment and comfort w/ life
-willingness to face death
-insight and balanced perspectives on life’s events

35
Q

failure of integrity vs. despair includes (3)

A

-bittnerness
-sense of dissatisfaction w/ life
-despair over impending death

36
Q

Psychodynamic (Psychanalytic) Theory was developed by _______

A

Sigmund Freud

37
Q

True or False: psychodynamic theory focuses on concepts of intrapsychic conflict among the structures of the mind

A

True

38
Q

psychanalytical theory assumes that all behavior is ____ and ______

A

purposeful and meaningful

39
Q

principle of psychic determinism:

A

even apparently meaningless, random, or accidental behavior is motivated by underlying unconscious mental content

40
Q

typical age of onset for intellectual disability

A

infancy -usually evident at birth

41
Q

typical age of onset for ADHD

A

early childhood (per DSM-5 by age 12)

42
Q

typical age of onset schizophrenia (men/women)

A

men 18-25 yrs
women 25-25 yrs

43
Q

typical age of onset major depression

A

late adolescence to young adulthood

44
Q

typical age of onset dementia

A

most common after age of 85

45
Q

The id:

A

-primary drives/ instincts
-seeks immediate satisfaction/pleasure
-says “i want”

46
Q

The ego:

A

-contains concept of external reality
-rational mind
-says “i think, i evaluate”

47
Q

The superego:

A

-sense of conscience
-right vs. wrong
-moral values
- says “i should, i ought”

48
Q

denial:

A

avoidance of unpleasant realities by unconsciously ignoring their existence

49
Q

projection:

A

unconscious rejection of emotionally unacceptable personal attributes, beliefs, or actions by attributing them to other people, situations, or events

50
Q

regression:

A

return to more comfortable thoughts, behaviors or feelings used in earlier stages of development in response to current conflict, stress or threat

51
Q

reaction formation:

A

overcompensation; unacceptable feelings, thoughts, or behaviors are pushed from conscious awareness by displaying and acting on the opposite feeling, thought or behavior

52
Q

rationalization:

A

justification of illogical, unreasonable ideas, feelings or actions by developing an acceptable explanation that satisfies the person

53
Q

undoing:

A

behaviors that attempt to make up for or undo an unacceptable action, feeling or impulse

54
Q

intellectualization:

A

attempts to master current stressor or conflict by expansion of knowledge, explanation, or understanding

55
Q

suppression:

A

conscious analog of repression; conscious denial of a disturbing situation, feeling or event

56
Q

sublimation:

A

unconscious process of substitution of socially acceptable, conservative activity for strong unacceptable impulse

57
Q

altruism:

A

meeting the needs of others in order to discharge drives, conflicts, or stressors

58
Q

True or False: defense mechanisms are a function of the id

A

False, they’re a function of the ego

59
Q

cognitive theory was developed by:

A

Jean Piaget

60
Q

cognitive theory proposes that:

A

human development evolves through cognition, learning and comprehending

61
Q

Piaget’s 4 stages of cognitive development:

A

-sensorimotor
-preoperational
-concrete operations
-formal operations

62
Q

sensorimotor stage (age and definition):

A

birth- 2 yrs
-object permanence is critical achievement of this stage

63
Q

preoperational stage (age and definition):

A

2-7 yrs
-more extensive use of language and symbolism
-magical thinking

64
Q

concrete operations stage (age/definition)

A

7-12 yrs
-begin to use logic
-concepts of reversibility and conservation

65
Q

formal operations stage (age/definition)

A

12yrs -adult
-ability to think abstractly
-thinking in a formal, logical manner

66
Q

Interpersonal Theory developed by______ and says ______

A

Harry Stack Sullivan
-behavior occurs because of interpersonal dynamics

67
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:

A

-survival
-safety and security
-love and belonging
-self-esteem
-self-actualization

68
Q

Health Belief Model developed by _____ and says_____

A

Marshall Becker
-healthy people do not always take advantage of screening or preventative programs d/t certain variables

69
Q

Transtheoretical Model of Change 6 stages:

A

-precontemplation
-contemplation
-preparation
-action
-maintenance

70
Q

True or False: Motivational Interviewing is focused, goal-directed, builds on transtheoretical model of change, elicits motivation from client and is nonconfrontational, nonadversarial

A

True
(Miller & Rollnick, 1991)

71
Q

Self-efficacy and Social Learning Theory says that

A

-behavior is result of cognitive and environmental factors
(Albert Bandura)

72
Q

self-efficacy is:

A

the perception of one’s ability to perform a certain task at a certain level of accomplishment

73
Q

Theory of Cultural Care developed by _____ and says ______

A

Madeline Leininger
-regardless of culture, care is the unifying focus and essence of nursing

74
Q

Theory of Self-Care developed by ____ and says _____

A

Dorothy Orem
-discusses activities that maintain life, health, and well-being (self-care)

75
Q

Therapeutic Nurse-Client Relationship Theory developed by _____ and says ______

A

Hildegard Peplau
-based in part on interpersonal theory
-all interventions occur w/in context of nurse-client relationship
-includes phases

76
Q

Caring Theory developed by ______ and says______

A

Jean Watson
-caring is an essential component of nursing

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