Ch. 3 - Terms

Question 1

Define cardiorespiratory system

Answer 1

composed of CARDIOVASCULAR & RESPIRATORY system

Question 2

Define cardiovascular system

Answer 2

composed of the heart, blood, & blood vessels

Question 3

Define heart

Answer 3

hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by rhythmic contraction

Question 4

Define mediastinum

Answer 4

space in the chest b/w the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest except the lungs

Question 5

Define SA (sinoatrial) node

Answer 5

specialized area of cardiac tissue, located in the RA of the heart, which initiates electrical impulses that determine HR
(pacemaker)

Question 6

Define AV (atrioventricular) node

Answer 6

small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers, located in the wall of RA of heart, that receives heartbeat impulses f/the SA node & directs them to ventricular walls

Question 7

Define atrium

Answer 7

superior chambers of the heart that receive blood f/veins & force it into the ventricles

Question 8

Define ventricule

Answer 8

inferior chambers of the heart that receive blood f/the corresponding atrium & force it into the arteries

Question 9

Define SV (stroke volume)

Answer 9

amt of blood pumped out of the heart w/each contraction

Question 10

Define HR (heart rate)

Answer 10

rate at which the heart pumps

bpm

Question 11

Define Q (cardiac output)

Answer 11

HR x SV = Q

overall performance of the heart

Question 12

Define blood

Answer 12

fluid that circulates the heart, arteries, capillaries, & veins
- carries nutrients & oxygen & gets rid of waste products

Question 13

Define blood vessels

Answer 13

network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout the body

Question 14

Define arteries

Answer 14

blood vessels that transport blood AWAY f/heart

Question 15

Define capillaries

Answer 15

smallest blood vessels & exchange site of chemicals & water between the blood & body tissues

Question 16

Define veins

Answer 16

blood vessels that transport blood f/capillaries TOWARD the heart

Question 17

Define arterioles

Answer 17

small terminal branches of the artery which end in capillaries

Question 18

Define venules

Answer 18

smaller veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins

Question 19

Define respiratory system

Answer 19

system of organs (lungs & respiratory passageways) that collects oxygen f/external environment & transports it to bloodstream

Question 20

Define respiratory pump

Answer 20

composed of skeletal structures (bones) & soft tissues (muscles) that work to gather to allow proper respiratory mechanics to occur & helps pump blood back to heart during inspiration

Question 21

Define inspiration

Answer 21

process of actively contracting the inspiratory muscles to move air INTO of body

Question 22

Define expiration

Answer 22

process of actively or passively relaxing the inspiratory muscles to move air OUT of the body

Question 23

Define diffusion

Answer 23

process of getting oxygen f/environment to body tissues

Question 24

Define VO2max (maximal oxygen consumption)

Answer 24

highest rate of oxygen transport & utilization achieved at max physical exertion